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. 2022 Jul;52(9):1777-1783.
doi: 10.1017/S0033291720003578. Epub 2020 Oct 13.

A replication study of JTC bias, genetic liability for psychosis and delusional ideation

Cécile Henquet  1 , Jim van Os  1   2   3 , Lotta K Pries  1 , Christian Rauschenberg  1   4 , Philippe Delespaul  1 , Gunter Kenis  1 , Jurjen J Luykx  2   5   6 , Bochao D Lin  5 , Alexander L Richards  7 , Berna Akdede  8 , Tolga Binbay  8 , Vesile Altınyazar  9 , Berna Yalınçetin  10 , Güvem Gümüş-Akay  11   12 , Burçin Cihan  13 , Haldun Soygür  14 , Halis Ulaş  15 , Eylem S Cankurtaran  16 , Semra U Kaymak  17 , Marina M Mihaljevic  18   19 , Sanja S Petrovic  19 , Tijana Mirjanic  20 , Miguel Bernardo  21   22   23 , Gisela Mezquida  21   23   24 , Silvia Amoretti  21   23   24 , Julio Bobes  23   24   25   26 , Pilar A Saiz  23   24   25   26 , Maria P García-Portilla  23   24   25   26 , Julio Sanjuan  23   27 , Eduardo J Aguilar  23   27 , Jose L Santos  23   28 , Estela Jiménez-López  23   29 , Manuel Arrojo  30 , Angel Carracedo  31   32 , Gonzalo López  23   33 , Javier González-Peñas  23   33 , Mara Parellada  23   33 , Nadja P Maric  18   34 , Cem Atbaşoğlu  35 , Alp Ucok  36 , Köksal Alptekin  8   10 , Meram C Saka  35 , Celso Arango  23   33 , Michael O'Donovan  7 , Bart P F Rutten  1 , Sinan Gülöksüz  1   37
Affiliations

A replication study of JTC bias, genetic liability for psychosis and delusional ideation

Cécile Henquet et al. Psychol Med. 2022 Jul.

Abstract

Background: This study attempted to replicate whether a bias in probabilistic reasoning, or 'jumping to conclusions'(JTC) bias is associated with being a sibling of a patient with schizophrenia spectrum disorder; and if so, whether this association is contingent on subthreshold delusional ideation.

Methods: Data were derived from the EUGEI project, a 25-centre, 15-country effort to study psychosis spectrum disorder. The current analyses included 1261 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, 1282 siblings of patients and 1525 healthy comparison subjects, recruited in Spain (five centres), Turkey (three centres) and Serbia (one centre). The beads task was used to assess JTC bias. Lifetime experience of delusional ideation and hallucinatory experiences was assessed using the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences. General cognitive abilities were taken into account in the analyses.

Results: JTC bias was positively associated not only with patient status but also with sibling status [adjusted relative risk (aRR) ratio : 4.23 CI 95% 3.46-5.17 for siblings and aRR: 5.07 CI 95% 4.13-6.23 for patients]. The association between JTC bias and sibling status was stronger in those with higher levels of delusional ideation (aRR interaction in siblings: 3.77 CI 95% 1.67-8.51, and in patients: 2.15 CI 95% 0.94-4.92). The association between JTC bias and sibling status was not stronger in those with higher levels of hallucinatory experiences.

Conclusions: These findings replicate earlier findings that JTC bias is associated with familial liability for psychosis and that this is contingent on the degree of delusional ideation but not hallucinations.

Keywords: Cognition; delusions; family; jumping to conclusions; neuropsychology; psychosis; reasoning.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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