Does Severity of Hair Loss Matter? Factors Associated with Mental Health Outcomes in Women Irradiated for Tinea Capitis in Childhood

Abstract

Hair loss resulting from childhood irradiation for tinea capitis has been linked to mental health effects in women. However, the association of hair loss severity with mental health in this population is unknown. To address this gap, this study examined the association between hair loss severity and mental health outcomes in women irradiated for tinea capitis in childhood as well as the factors that contribute to these outcomes. Medical records, held at the archives of the Israel National Center for Compensation of Scalp Ringworm Victims, were retrospectively reviewed for 2509 women who received compensation for full or partial alopecia resulting from irradiation for tinea capitis. Mental health outcomes were determined by the number of mental health conditions reported. The results show that among women with more hair loss, risk was increased for a range of mental health problems, especially social anxiety (RR 2.44, 95% CI 2.09-2.87). Hair loss severity emerged as a significant predictor of mental health, adding to the effects of other predictors such as family, social and physical health problems (β = 0.13, 95% CI 0.27, 0.56). The effects of hair loss severity on mental health outcomes were mediated by women's negative social experiences (indirect = 0.72, 95% bias-corrected confidence interval, 0.53-1.08). Healthcare professionals supporting women with hair loss after irradiation for childhood tinea capitis should be alert to a history of severe levels of hair loss.

Keywords: Hair loss severity; irradiation treatment; mental health problems; tinea capitis; women.

Figure 1

The mediation model. Note. IPV = intimate partner violence; PRD = parent–child relationship difficulties; CPV = child-to-parent violence; SAC = social abuse during childhood; SAA = social abuse during adulthood; AOSS = avoidance of social situations. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001. Solid lines mark significant paths, and dashed lines mark nonsignificant paths. Value in brackets refer to the total effect of hair loss on mental health (i.e., before the mediation). Values in parentheses refer to 95% confidence intervals for the mediation paths.