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Review
. 2021 Jan;42(1):73-80.
doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04828-1. Epub 2020 Oct 15.

Detection of MOG-IgG by cell-based assay: moving from discovery to clinical practice

Amanda Marchionatti  1   2 , Mark Woodhall  3 , Patrick Joseph Waters  3 , Douglas Kazutoshi Sato  4   5
Affiliations
Review

Detection of MOG-IgG by cell-based assay: moving from discovery to clinical practice

Amanda Marchionatti et al. Neurol Sci. 2021 Jan.

Abstract

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a unique CNS-specific mammalian protein that is expressed on the surface of compact myelin and oligodendrocyte cell bodies. MOG is an accessible target for autoantibodies, associated with immune-mediated demyelination in the central nervous system. The identification of MOG reactive immunoglobulin G antibodies (MOG-IgG) helps to distinguish a subgroup of patients from multiple sclerosis and other CNS disorders, reducing the risk of clinical misdiagnosis. The development of the cell-based assays (CBA) improved the detection of clinically meaningful MOG-IgG binding to conformational MOG expressed in the cell membrane surface. In this review, we describe factors that impact on the results of CBA, such as MOG conformation, protein glycosylation, addition of fluorescent tags, serum dilution, secondary antibodies, and data interpretation.

Keywords: Acute disseminating encephalomyelitis; Autoantibodies; CBA; Multiple sclerosis; Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

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