Microbial Contamination after Cardiac Surgery in a Hospital Cardiac Surgery Ward

Abstract

Surgery site infection is one of the most common postoperative complications which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and admission costs. It is considered a priority to determine the level of nosocomial infection and its control in reflecting the quality of care. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the microbial contamination after cardiac surgery at a hospital cardiac surgery ward of Besat Hospital, Tehran. In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study (2013-2017), 610 patients underwent surgery at the Department of Cardiac Surgery of Besat Hospital. All necessary information such as urine culture, surgical site, histopathologic examination for the diagnosis of microbial contamination and microorganisms were collected from the patient records and inserted in the questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 25). The incidence of nosocomial infections following cardiac surgery reportedly ranged from 17% to 23%. Accordingly, pneumonia (51.2%) and local infections (22%) were the most common infections in the studied population. The mortality rate in our population was 11.4%. Moreover, 64.3% of the total mortality cases were reported in patients with sepsis. The mean age and duration of admission of patients with catheter infection were significantly higher than other subjects. Given the relatively high prevalence of the infection and its importance, it is necessary to take more serious measures to prevent and control these infections.

Keywords: Cardiac surgery; incidence; microbial contamination; pathogen; type of infection.

Figure 1:

Frequency distribution of the subjects based on type of cardiac surgery.

Figure 2:

Frequency of various types of nosocomial infections in the subjects included in the study.