Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Meta-Analysis
. 2020 Oct 19;15(10):e0240971.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240971. eCollection 2020.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult population in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy  1 , Sathish Rajaa  1 , Sharan Murali  1 , Tanveer Rehman  1 , Jayaprakash Sahoo  2 , Sitanshu Sekhar Kar  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult population in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Objective: This review was done to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among adult general population in India. We also wanted to find the gender, setting, and region-wide distribution of MS in India.

Methods: We conducted systematic searches in various databases including Medline, ScienceDirect, Cochrane library and Google Scholar from inception until August 2019. We included studies conducted in India reporting the prevalence of MS among adults aged 18 years or more. We used the Newcastle Ottawa scale to assess the quality of included studies. We carried out a meta-analysis with random-effects model and reported pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We used the Funnel plot to assess publication biases.

Results: In total, we analysed 113 data from 111 studies with 133,926 participants. Majority of the included studies (76 out of 111) had low risk of bias. We found significant heterogeneity among the included studies (p<0.001). We also found a symmetrical funnel plot indicating an absence of publication bias. The prevalence of MS among adult population in India was 30% (95%CI: 28%-33%). There was a steady increase in the burden across the age groups from 13% (18-29 years group) to 50% (50-59 years). We also found that people living in urban areas (32%; 95%CI: 29%-36%) had higher prevalence when compared to tribal (28%; 95%CI: 21%-36%) or rural adults (22%; 95%CI: 20%-25%). Gender distribution of MS showed that the females had higher prevalence (35%; 95%CI: 31%-38%) when compared to males 26% (95%CI: 22%-29%).

Conclusion: Almost one in three adults in India suffer from MS. Females, people living in urban areas and in northeast region had higher prevalence of MS. Development and implementation of policies and protocols for the screening of MS would enable us in early diagnosis and treatment with special focus towards the vulnerable and high-risk groups.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Flow chart showing the search strategy and selection of studies.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Forest plot showing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult population in India.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Funnel plot checking the publication bias in the current review.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Boutayeb A. The double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases in developing countries. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2006;100(3):191–9. 10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.07.021 - DOI - PubMed
    1. GBD Compare | IHME Viz Hub [Internet]. [cited 2019 Aug 28]. Available from: http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare
    1. A comprehensive review on metabolic syndrome.—PubMed—NCBI [Internet]. [cited 2019 Oct 22]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24711954
    1. The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Guidelines [Internet]. [cited 2019 Oct 22]. Available from: https://www.jmcp.org/doi/pdf/10.18553/jmcp.2003.9.s1.2 - DOI
    1. Consensus statements [Internet]. [cited 2019 Oct 22]. Available from: https://www.idf.org/e-library/consensus-statements/60-idfconsensus-world...