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Review
. 2020 Oct 21;5(4):82.
doi: 10.3390/geriatrics5040082.

Is IDDSI an Evidence-Based Framework? A Relevant Question for the Frail Older Population

Claudia Côté  1   2 , Amélie Giroux  3 , Annie Villeneuve-Rhéaume  1   2 , Cynthia Gagnon  1   2 , Isabelle Germain  4   5
Affiliations
Review

Is IDDSI an Evidence-Based Framework? A Relevant Question for the Frail Older Population

Claudia Côté et al. Geriatrics (Basel). .

Abstract

To delay impacts of aging, optimal nutritional status is essential. Several factors can reduce food intake, such as isolation, income, and cognitive/physical decline. Additionally, chewing and swallowing difficulties, or dysphagia, often disrupt the ability to consume life-long favorite dishes. Food and liquids could require modification of texture or consistency to ensure a comfortable or safe swallow. The food industry, foodservices facilities, and caregivers need quality control benchmarks to provide adequate nourishment and meet these new feeding challenges. The International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) is proposing the IDDSI framework and testing methods to describe food used in nutritional care plans to circumvent dysphagia and improve communication among caregivers. This systematic review assesses the validity and reliability of the IDDSI testing methods using the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN). Two publications presented content validity whereas 19 publications looked at construct validity or reliability for the IDDSI testing methods. One study was conducted in older adults presenting dysphagia. This review concludes that there is insufficient evidence to recommend the IDDSI testing methods. Further research, conducted with robust methodological design and reporting, is needed to develop and assess nutritious adapted food for frail older populations.

Keywords: COSMIN; IDDSI; dysphagia; metrological qualities; nutrition; older adults; swallowing; texture modified food; thickened liquids.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Interaction model of key factors affecting feeding in the context of dysphagia in the older adult population.
Figure 2
Figure 2
PRISMA Flow Diagram of systematic review process.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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