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. 2020 Jul 30;9(7):3450-3457.
doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_544_20. eCollection 2020 Jul.

Behavioral risk factors for hypertension among adults living with HIV accessing care in secondary health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria

Oluwakemi Odukoya  1   2 , Oluwabusayo Badejo  3 , Kolawole Sodeinde  4 , Tope Olubodun  2
Affiliations

Behavioral risk factors for hypertension among adults living with HIV accessing care in secondary health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria

Oluwakemi Odukoya et al. J Family Med Prim Care. .

Abstract

Background: Excess risk for cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension, may exist among human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV)-positive persons. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of the behavioral risk factors for hypertension, including their awareness of these factors and their attitudes toward them.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 HIV-infected adults who accessed care in nine secondary health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. Respondents were selected by multistage sampling and data elicited using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP) was measured thrice and a respondent was considered as having raised BP if the mean of the last two measurements is ≥140 mm Hg (systolic BP) or ≥90 mm Hg (diastolic BP) or if respondents are currently taking anti-hypertensive.

Results: Prevalence of key behavioral risk factors for hypertension was high. For instance, 82.0% of the respondents were physically inactive. Stress and physical inactivity were the two most known risks of hypertension, identified by 87.3% and 70.5% of the respondents, respectively. Majority (66.0%) had positive attitudes toward hypertension risk factors and 26.7% of them had raised BP. Lower age, that is, 30 years and below (OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.26-6.64), BMI of less than 25 (OR = 1.87, 95 CI = 1.16-3.01), and being diagnosed of HIV for 5 years and less (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.006-2.62) were significantly associated with normal BP measurements among respondents.

Conclusion: The proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS who show known behaviors that place them at risk for hypertension is high. Measures to address these risk factors among them are warranted.

Keywords: Behavioral; HIV; Nigeria; hypertension; risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

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