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Review
. 2020 Sep 25:8:507887.
doi: 10.3389/fchem.2020.507887. eCollection 2020.

Extraction of Flavonoids From Natural Sources Using Modern Techniques

Jaísa Oliveira Chaves  1 , Mariana Corrêa de Souza  1 , Laise Capelasso da Silva  1 , Daniel Lachos-Perez  2 , Paulo César Torres-Mayanga  3   4 , Ana Paula da Fonseca Machado  3 , Tânia Forster-Carneiro  3 , Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa  5 , Ana Velasco González-de-Peredo  5 , Gerardo Fernández Barbero  5 , Mauricio Ariel Rostagno  1
Affiliations
Review

Extraction of Flavonoids From Natural Sources Using Modern Techniques

Jaísa Oliveira Chaves et al. Front Chem. .

Abstract

Flavonoids are one of the main groups of polyphenols found in natural products. Traditional flavonoid extraction techniques are being replaced by advanced techniques to reduce energy and solvent consumption, increase efficiency and selectivity, to meet increased market demand and environmental regulations. Advanced technologies, such as microwaves, ultrasound, pressurized liquids, supercritical fluids, and electric fields, are alternatives currently being used. These modern techniques are generally faster, more environmentally friendly, and with higher automation levels compared to conventional extraction techniques. This review will discuss the different methods available for flavonoid extraction from natural sources and the main parameters involved (temperature, solvent, sample quantity, extraction time, among others). Recent trends and their industrial importance are also discussed in detail, providing insight into their potential. Thus, this paper seeks to review the innovations of compound extraction techniques, presenting in each of them their advantages and disadvantages, trying to offer a broader scope in the understanding of flavonoid extraction from different plant matrices.

Keywords: extraction; flavonoids; modern techniques; natural products; sample preparation.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structure of flavonoid.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical structure of isoflavonoid.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Representative diagram of a microwave extractor in both closed and open systems (A) adapted of Camel (2001); Representative diagram of the conventional heating and microwave heating (B) adapted of Rosa et al. (2018) and Destandau et al. (2013).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Schematic diagram of a typical supercritical fluid extractor. Adapted of Azmir et al. (2013) and Yahya et al. (2018).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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