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. 2020 Oct 15;6(10):e05221.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05221. eCollection 2020 Oct.

Effects of commonly used food additives on haematological parameters of Wistar rats

Oluwabunmi Peace Femi-Oloye  1 , Afolabi Owoloye  1 , Adetola Mary Olatunji-Ojo  1 , Adetoye Clement Abiodun  1 , Bamidele Adewumi  1 , Babatunde Oluwaseun Ibitoye  2 , Femi Francis Oloye  3 , Joshua Idowu Izegaegbe  4 , Tobi Musa Adebayo  1 , Ademola Joseph Adedoja  1 , Oyindamola Precious Oginni  1 , Francis Ayodeji Gbore  5 , Felix Olusegun Akinwumi  1
Affiliations

Effects of commonly used food additives on haematological parameters of Wistar rats

Oluwabunmi Peace Femi-Oloye et al. Heliyon. .

Retraction in

Abstract

This study was done to investigate the effects of common food additives such as sodium benzoate (SB) and ascorbic acid (AA) on haematological parameters of male Wistar rats. Forty-eight (48) male albino rats with an average weight of 105 g were grouped into twelve (n = 4) of Basal Control and other 11 groups orally administered 1 mg of SB, 10 mg of SB, 10 mg of AA, 0.2 mg of AA + 0.5 mg of SB, 0.2 mg of AA + 1 mg of SB, 0.2 mg of AA + 10 mg of SB, 0.2 mg of SB + 0.1 mg of AA, 0.2 mg of SB + 0.5 mg of AA, carbonated soft drinks (CSD)+ 0.1 mg of AA, CSD + 1 mg of AA and CSD + 10 mg of AA, respectively for 21 non-consecutive days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected in EDTA anticoagulant tubes, haematological parameters were evaluated, and data were analyzed. There was a dose-dependent increase (p < 0.05) in White Blood Cell counts of SB treated rats compared with the control group. The lymphocyte exhibited significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the groups treated with 1mg SB and 10mg SB/kg bodyweight of 67 ± 2.96 and 58 ± 4.18%, respectively. The mean corpuscular haemoglobin showed no significant difference at 95% confidence interval. However, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit and platelet were affected by an increase in the concentrations of SB. High SB concentrations increased the destruction of erythrocytes, which directly increased the catabolism of haemoglobin. However, AA administration mitigated the adverse effects of SB on the haematological parameters of the animal.

Keywords: Ascorbic acid; Fanta; Food science; Haematology; Natural product chemistry; Sodium benzoate; Wistar rats.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The effect of administered treatments on White Blood Cell (WBC) of Wistar rats. ∗significantly different (p < 0.05) from control.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mean+/- SD of lymphocyte values of Wistar rats administered varied treatments per kg body weight∗significantly different (p < 0.05) from control.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean+/- SD of red blood cell (RBC) counts of Wistar rats administered varied food additives per kg body weight∗significantly different (p < 0.05) from normal control.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Mean+/- SD Haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations of Wistar rats administered varied treatments per kg body weight. ∗significantly different (p < 0.05) from control.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Mean+/- SD of Mean corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) of Wistar rats administered varied treatments per kg body weight. ∗ Significantly different (p < 0.05) from control.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Mean+/- SD of mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentrations (MCHC) of Wistar rats administered varied treatments per kg body weight. ∗ Significantly different (p < 0.05) from control.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Mean+/- SD of haematocrit values of Wistar rats administered varied treatments per kg body weight.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Mean+/- SD of platelet values of Wistar rats administered varied treatments per kg body weight.
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