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. 2020 Oct 22;9(11):724.
doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9110724.

Decontamination of Ti Oxide Surfaces by Using Ultraviolet Light: Hg-Vapor vs. LED-Based Irradiation

Nagore Arroyo-Lamas  1 , Unai Ugalde  2 , Iciar Arteagoitia  3
Affiliations

Decontamination of Ti Oxide Surfaces by Using Ultraviolet Light: Hg-Vapor vs. LED-Based Irradiation

Nagore Arroyo-Lamas et al. Antibiotics (Basel). .

Abstract

C-range Ultraviolet (UVC) mercury (Hg)-vapor lamps have shown the successful decontamination of hydrocarbons and antimicrobial effects from titanium surfaces. This study focused on surface chemistry modifications of titanium dental implants by using two different light sources, Hg-vapor lamps and Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), so as to compare the effectivity of both photofunctionalization technologies. Two different devices, a small Hg-vapor lamp (λ = 254 nm) and a pair of closely placed LEDs (λ = 278 nm), were used to irradiate the implants for 12 min. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to characterize the chemical composition of the surfaces, analysing the samples before and after the lighting treatment, performing a wide and narrow scan around the energy peaks of carbon, oxygen and titanium. XPS analysis showed a reduction in the concentration of surface hydrocarbons in both UVC technologies from around 26 to 23.4 C at.% (carbon atomic concentration). Besides, simultaneously, an increase in concentration of oxygen and titanium was observed. LED-based UVC photofunctionalization has been suggested to be as effective a method as Hg-vapor lamps to remove the hydrocarbons from the surface of titanium dental implants. Therefore, due to the increase in worldwide mercury limitations, LED-based technology could be a good alternative decontamination source.

Keywords: biomaterials; implant decontamination; implant surface.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
XPS full-range spectra: before and after the lighting treatment.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Deconvoluted XPS with lines analysis and binding energies: Hg-vapor lamp device. C1s, O1s and Ti2p spectra for sample #1 before (a–c) and after (d–f) photofunctionalization.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Deconvoluted XPS with lines analysis and binding energies: LED-based device. C1s, O1s and Ti2p spectra for sample #2 before (a–c) and after (d–f) photofunctionalization.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Process of photofunctionalization according to our protocol.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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