Magnesium levels in cardiac arrest victims: relationship between magnesium levels and successful resuscitation

Abstract

Multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate significant differences between electrolytes, serum magnesium, and successful resuscitation in cardiac arrest victims in a prospective controlled study. Twenty-two cardiac arrest victims having ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia, electromechanical dissociation, or asystole were compared with 19 matched controls with no ventricular arrhythmias. Of the control group, one was hypermagnesemic (5%), 17 normomagnesemic (90%), and one hypomagnesemic (5%). In the arrest group, eight were hypermagnesemic (36%), nine normomagnesemic (41%), and five hypomagnesemic (23%). Thirteen of 22 cardiac arrest victims (59%) had an abnormal serum magnesium level. All hypermagnesemic and hypomagnesemic patients expired (100%). In the normomagnesemic group, four out of nine (44%) were successfully resuscitated. A positive correlation was identified between normomagnesemia and successful resuscitation (P less than .01). There was no correlation between other electrolytes and successful resuscitation (P greater than .05).