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Meta-Analysis
. 2020 Oct 27;15(10):e0241226.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241226. eCollection 2020.

Full-dose hepatitis B virus vaccination coverage and associated factors among health care workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Nefsu Awoke  1 , Henok Mulgeta  2 , Tsegaye Lolaso  3 , Tiwabwork Tekalign  1 , Serawit Samuel  3 , Mohammed Suleiman Obsa  4 , Robera Olana  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Full-dose hepatitis B virus vaccination coverage and associated factors among health care workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Nefsu Awoke et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Introduction: The hepatitis B vaccine is the backbone of hepatitis B prevention. All health care workers must receive a full-dose (3-dose vaccine series) to achieve >90% protection against hepatitis B virus. There is limited evidence available on vaccination coverage of HBV among health care workers in Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to estimate the national full-dose hepatitis B vaccination coverage and the associated factors among health care workers in Ethiopia.

Methods: Studies were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and Google Scholar by using a combination of search terms with Boolean operators. The quality of each study was evaluated independently by three authors using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cross-sectional studies. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA™ Version 14 software. Meta-analysis was carried out using a random-effects (DerSimonian and Laird) method. The heterogeneity test was conducted by using I-squared (I2) statistics. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed.

Results: A total of 15 articles with 5734 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of full-dose hepatitis B virus vaccination coverage among health care workers in Ethiopia was 20.04% (95% CI: 13.83, 26.26); I2 = 98.9%). Being male sex (p = 0.002), having work experience of less than 5 years (p < 0.001), educational level of diploma and below (p = 0.003), health care providers who received training on infection prevention (p < 0.001), and those who had a history of exposure to blood and body fluids (p = 0.001), were factors significantly associated with full-dose hepatitis B virus vaccination.

Conclusion: The national full-dose hepatitis B vaccination coverage among health care workers was low. Training of health care workers in infection prevention, particularly in hepatitis B and testing and providing hepatitis B vaccination for newly recruited staff and every 5 years for those long-term workers were recommended to increase the uptake of the vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. PRISMA flowchart diagram of the study selection.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Forest plot showing the pooled prevalence of full-dose hepatitis B vaccination coverage among health care providers in Ethiopia.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Subgroup analysis of full-dose hepatitis B vaccination coverage among health care providers by region in Ethiopia.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Funnel plot to test the publication bias in 15 studies with 95% confidence limits.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. World Health Organization. Global hepatitis report 2017. World Health Organization; 2017.

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