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. 2020 Oct 14:2020:2059240.
doi: 10.1155/2020/2059240. eCollection 2020.

Impact of Histological and Molecular Parameters on Prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of 290 Cases

B S M S Siriwardena  1   2 , H D N U Karunathilaka  2 , P V R Kumarasiri  3 , W M Tilakaratne  1   4
Affiliations

Impact of Histological and Molecular Parameters on Prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of 290 Cases

B S M S Siriwardena et al. Biomed Res Int. .

Abstract

Background: Nodal metastasis is a critical factor in predicting the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). When patients present with a clinically positive neck, the treatment of choice is radical neck dissection. However, management of a clinically negative neck is still a subject of significant controversy.

Aim: This study was carried out in order to propose a model to predict regional lymph node metastasis of OSCC using histological parameters such as tumour stage, tumour size, pattern of invasion (POI), differentiation of tumour, and host immune response, together with the expression levels of six biomarkers (periostin, HIF-1α, MMP-9, β-catenin, VEGF-C, and EGFR), and, furthermore, to compare the impact of all these parameters on recurrence and 3 yr and 5 yr survival rates. Materials and Method. Histological materials collected from the archives were used to evaluate histological parameters and immunohistochemical profiles. Standard methods were used for immunohistochemistry and for evaluation of results. Data related to recurrence and survival (3 and 5 years) was also recorded. Clinical data was collected from patients' records.

Results: Male to female ratio was 3 : 1. The commonest site of OSCC was the buccal mucosa, and majority of them were T3 or T4 tumours presented at stage 4. 62.5% of the tumours were well differentiated. Three-year and 5-year survival rates were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and recurrence. POI was significantly correlated with tumour size, stage, 3-year survival, EGFR, HIF-1α, periostin, and MMP-9 (p < 0.05). Expression of EGFR showed a direct association with metastasis (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: POI, level of differentiation, and expression of EGFR are independent prognostic markers for lymph node metastasis. Therefore, these parameters may help in treatment planning of a clinically negative neck.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Expression of EGFR in the present study sample. (a) Negative staining of EGFR in normal epithelium. (b) Weak staining of EGFR in OSCC. (c) Moderate staining of EGFR in OSCC. (d) Strong staining of EGFR in OSCC.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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