Network Structures of Social Functioning Domains in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: A Preliminary Study

Abstract

Objective: : This study used network analyses to examine network structures reflecting interactions between specific domains of social functioning in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD).

Methods: We used the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) to assess six domains of social functioning ('cognition', 'mobility', 'self-care', 'getting along', 'life activities', and 'participation') in 143 patients with SZ, 81 patients with BD, and 106 healthy subjects. We constructed regularized partial correlation networks, estimated network centrality and edge strength, tested network stability, and compared SZ and BD network structures.

Results: Patients with SZ showed a significantly higher level of functional disability than patients with BD. In the networks we constructed, 'cognition' was the most central domain of social functioning in both SZ and BD. The 'cognition' domain was primarily associated with the 'getting along' domain in the SZ network and the 'life activities' domain in the BD network. We found no significant group-level differences in network structures for SZ vs. BD.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that cognition may play a pivotal role in social functioning in both SZ and BD. In addition, domains of social functioning in SZ and BD have similar network structures despite the higher level of disability in SZ compared to BD.

Keywords: Bipolar disorder; Cognition.; Network; Schizophrenia; Social abilities.

Fig. 1

Regularized partial correlation networks of the six domains of the WHODAS 2.0. Green edges denote positive correlations. The thickness of the edges represents the magnitude of the correlation. D1, cognition; D2, mobility; D3, self-care; D4, getting along; D5, life activities; D6, participation; WHODAS 2.0, World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0.

Fig. 2

Centrality indices of the six domains of the WHODAS 2.0. Centrality indices are shown as standardized z-scores. D1, cognition; D2, mobility; D3, self-care; D4, getting along; D5, life activities; D6, participation; WHODAS 2.0, World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0.

Fig. 3

Stability of centrality indices.

Fig. 4

Accuracy of edge weights with 95% confidence intervals. D1, cognition; D2, mobility; D3, self-care; D4, getting along; D5, life activities; D6, participation.