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. 2021 Feb;77(2):973-986.
doi: 10.1111/jan.14613. Epub 2020 Oct 30.

The development of a consensus-based spiritual care education standard for undergraduate nursing and midwifery students: An educational mixed methods study

René van Leeuwen  1 , Josephine Attard  2 , Linda Ross  3 , Adam Boughey  4 , Tove Giske  5 , Tormod Kleiven  6 , Wilfred McSherry  4   7   8
Affiliations

The development of a consensus-based spiritual care education standard for undergraduate nursing and midwifery students: An educational mixed methods study

René van Leeuwen et al. J Adv Nurs. 2021 Feb.

Abstract
in English, Chinese

Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a consensus-based Spiritual Care Education Standard for undergraduate N/M students to use in undergraduate programmes.

Design: Mixed methods were used consisting of qualitative and quantitative methods based on the principles of Delphi research.

Methods: The sample consisted of a total of 58 (N = 58) participants from 21 European countries. Data collection was conducted from June 2017 - February 2019 and took place in facilitated iterative action learning cycles and online surveys. Data were analysed by descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis. Consensus was stated by >90% agreement.

Results: The process resulted in an EPICC Spiritual Care Education Standard consisting of the following four spiritual care competences: Intrapersonal spirituality, Interpersonal spirituality, Spiritual care: assessment and planning, Spiritual care: intervention and evaluation. For every competence, learning outcomes were described in knowledge, skills and attitudes.

Conclusion: This Standard guides N/M spiritual care education, student assessment and research. It can be the starting point for discussing spiritual care competences in other healthcare professions. Follow-up research should focus on implementation of the standard and on assessment of students' spiritual competence.

Impact: The Standard guides curriculum and programme development. The Standard guides students in performing their learning process. The Standard provides a frame of reference for policy making and follow-up research.

目的: 本研究的目的是建立一套以共识为基础的精神关怀教育标准,以供护理学以及助产学本科生在本科课程中使用。 设计: 基于德尔菲研究原理,本研究采取了定性和定量相结合的混合研究方法。 方法: 本研究共58名参与者(N = 58),来自于21个欧洲国家。数据收集于2017年6月开始,于2019年2月结束,以促进重复行动的学习周期和线上调查的方式进行。数据分析采用描述性统计和定性分析两种方式。共识由同意度高达90%以上的提议决定。 结果: 在本研究中,形成了一项EPICC精神关怀教育标准,包含以下四种精神关怀能力:内心精神关怀能力、人际精神关怀能力、精神评定和计划能力,和精神介入和评估能力。以上每一种能力的学习成果都能在学生的知识、技能和态度中表现出来。 结论: 本标准能指导护理学和助产学学生的精神关怀教育、学生评估和研究工作。本标准也是论述其他医疗护理专业精神关怀能力的出发点。后续研究应侧重于本标准的实施应用和学生精神关怀能力的评定。 影响: 本标准指导课程和计划的制定,指引学生如何学习。本标准还为政策制定和后续研究提供了参考。.

Keywords: competences; consensus; education; international; learning outcomes; midwifery; nursing; pre-registration; spiritual care; standard.

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References

REFERENCES

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