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. 2021 Feb;48(2):249-262.
doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13399. Epub 2020 Nov 22.

Peripheral memory T-cell profile is modified in patients undergoing periodontal management

Nidhi Medara  1 , Jason C Lenzo  1   2 , Katrina A Walsh  3 , James A Holden  1   2 , Eric C Reynolds  1   2 , Ivan B Darby  1 , Neil M O'Brien-Simpson  1   2
Affiliations

Peripheral memory T-cell profile is modified in patients undergoing periodontal management

Nidhi Medara et al. J Clin Periodontol. 2021 Feb.

Abstract

Aims: T-cells are known to have a role in periodontitis, however, the effect of periodontal therapy on peripheral memory T-cells is unclear. This study evaluated variation in peripheral memory T-cells and red complex bacteria in sub-gingival plaque in patients undergoing periodontal management.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and sub-gingival plaque were collected from 54 periodontitis patients at baseline, 3-, 6- and 12-months post-therapy and 40 healthy controls. Periodontitis patients were divided into treatment outcome (TxO) groups based on prevalence of sites with probing depth ≥5 mm as good (<10% of sites), moderate (10-20%) or poor (>20%) at study conclusion. Naïve (TN -CCR7+ CD45RA+ ), central memory (TCM -CCR7+ CD45RA- ), effector memory (TEM -CCR7- CD45RA- ) and effector memory T-cells re-expressing CD45RA (TEMRA -CCR7- CD45RA+ ) were phenotyped using flow cytometry in CD4+ , CD8+ , CD4+ CD8+ and CD4- CD8- T-cells and red complex bacteria were quantified using qPCR.

Results: At baseline, periodontitis subjects had significantly greater mean probing depths and Porphyromonas gingivalis proportions, lower TN but higher CD4+ TCM , CD8+ TCM , CD4+ CD8+ TEM and CD4- CD8- TEM cell proportions compared to health. Periodontal therapy decreased mean probing depths, P. gingivalis proportions, TEM and CD4+ and CD8+ TCM cells, but increased TN and CD4+ and CD8+ TEMRA cells. The T-cell profile in the good TxO group showed therapy-related changes in CD4+ TEM , and CD8+ TN and TEM cells, whereas, no changes were observed in the poor TxO group.

Conclusion: Management and the reduction in red complex bacteria were associated with changes in peripheral memory T-cells in periodontitis.

Keywords: T-lymphocytes; disease management; host-pathogen interactions; immunologic memory; periodontitis.

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References

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