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. 2020 Oct 6:12:577685.
doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.577685. eCollection 2020.

Patterns of CSF Inflammatory Markers in Non-demented Older People: A Cluster Analysis

Yangdi Peng  1 , Bin Chen  1 , Lifen Chi  2 , Qiang Zhou  2 , Zhenjing Shi  3 ; Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Affiliations

Patterns of CSF Inflammatory Markers in Non-demented Older People: A Cluster Analysis

Yangdi Peng et al. Front Aging Neurosci. .

Abstract

Objective: In this study, we aimed to examine if patterns of CSF inflammatory markers are correlated with global cognition, episodic memory, hippocampal volume, and CSF AD-related pathologies among non-demented older people.

Methods: We included 217 non-demented older individuals, including 87 subjects with normal cognition (NC) and 130 subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) study. Hierarchical cluster analysis including nine inflammatory markers in CSF [Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), TNF-R1, TNF-R2, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), TGF-β2, TGF-β3, Interleukin-21 (IL-21), IL-6, and IL-7] was conducted.

Results: We identified two clusters among non-demented older people based on nine inflammatory markers in CSF. Compared to the first cluster, the second cluster showed significantly higher levels of CSF inflammatory markers (TNF-R1, TNF-R2, TGF-β1, TGF-β3, and IL-6). Further, the second cluster was also associated with higher levels of t-tau and p-tau levels in CSF.

Conclusion: We observed a subgroup of non-demented older people characterized by increased levels of inflammatory markers in CSF. Further, this subgroup showed higher levels of t-tau and p-tau levels in CSF.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; cluster analysis; cytokines; inflammation; tau.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Dendrogram of non-demented older people based on nine CSF inflammatory proteins.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
CSF tau pathologies between clusters. (A) There was a significant difference in CSF t-tau levels between two clusters (p = 0.03). (B) There was a marginally significant difference in CSF p-tau levels between two clusters (p = 0.05).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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