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. 2020 Oct 31;17(21):8045.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17218045.

Immunization Coverage of Inmates in Spanish Prisons

Nancy Vicente-Alcalde  1 , Jose Tuells  2 , Cecilia M Egoavil  3 , Esther Ruescas-Escolano  4 , Cesare Altavilla  2 , Pablo Caballero  2
Affiliations

Immunization Coverage of Inmates in Spanish Prisons

Nancy Vicente-Alcalde et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

The correct immunization of the inmate population minimizes the risk of transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases in prisons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vaccine coverage of long-term prisoners in the Spanish penitentiary system through a retrospective longitudinal study. One-thousand and five prisoners were selected, who were imprisoned from 2008 and 2018 in three Spanish prisons. Their degree of immunization was evaluated as related to hepatitis A (HAV), hepatitis B (HBV), tetanus, diphtheria, pneumococcus and seasonal flu. The state of vaccination of the prisoners with a serological diagnosis of HBV, hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was also evaluated. The vaccination coverage obtained for hepatitis B was 52.3%, and for tetanus-diphtheria, it was 71.9%. However, for hepatitis A and pneumococcus infection, it was insignificant (<2% of the prisoners). Vaccination against seasonal flu was lower than 16%. The HCV and HIV-positive inmates were not correctly vaccinated either. The insufficient level of immunization obtained reflects the lack of interest and marginalization of this population by the penitentiary system and the health authorities. The lack of reliable records is combined with the lack of planned strategies that promote stable and well-defined programs of active vaccination.

Keywords: diphtheria pneumococcus; hepatitis A; hepatitis B; immunization coverage; prisoners; seasonal influenza; tetanus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sample selection.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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