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. 2021 Apr;113(2):208-211.
doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.09.152. Epub 2020 Nov 2.

Vitamin D Clinical Pharmacology: Relevance to COVID-19 Pathogenesis

Paige-Ashley Campbell  1 , Mimi Wu Young  2 , Raphael C Lee  3
Affiliations

Vitamin D Clinical Pharmacology: Relevance to COVID-19 Pathogenesis

Paige-Ashley Campbell et al. J Natl Med Assoc. 2021 Apr.

Abstract

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Potential VD3 interactions with COVID-19 Inflammatory Signaling: SARS-CoV-2 viral hydrophobic proteins cause an unfolded protein response (UPR) in organelles, leading to activation of the NF-κB pathway through phosphorylation mediated detachment of IκBα. NF-κB gene promoters translocate into the nucleus and upregulate expression of many inflammatory cytokines (partial list, bottom left). The VD3 + VDR (vitamin D receptor) + retinoid X receptor (RXR) complex activate genes that inhibit NF-κB activation. The RXR receptor is a steroid family nuclear receptor. Based on its pharmacology, VD3 should down-regulate COVID inflammation.
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