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. 2021 Mar;16(2):226-239.
doi: 10.1111/1749-4877.12496. Epub 2020 Nov 29.

Do non-target species visit feeders and water troughs targeting small game? A study from farmland Spain using camera-trapping

José A Armenteros  1 , Jesús Caro  2 , Carlos SÁnchez-GarcÍa  1   3 , Beatriz Arroyo  2 , José A PÉrez  1 , Vicente R Gaudioso  1 , Emilio J Tizado  4
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Do non-target species visit feeders and water troughs targeting small game? A study from farmland Spain using camera-trapping

José A Armenteros et al. Integr Zool. 2021 Mar.

Abstract

Provision of food and water is a widespread tool implemented around the world for the benefit of game and other wildlife, but factors affecting the use of food and water by non-target species are poorly known. We evaluated visits to feeders and water troughs by non-game species using camera-traps in two separate areas of Spain. Feeders and water troughs were either "protected" (when surrounded by more than 50% of shrubs/forest) or "open" (in the opposite case). A total of 18 948 photos from 5344 camera-trapping days depicted animals, and 75 species were identified. Feeders and water troughs were visited by target species (partridges and lagomorphs, 55.3% of visits) and non-target species (44.7% of visits). Among the latter, corvids were the most common (46.1% of visits), followed by rodents (26.8%), other birds (23.6%, mainly passerines), columbids (1.9%), and other species at minor percentages. The highest proportion of visiting days to feeders and water troughs was from corvids (0.173) followed by other-birds (0.109) and rodents (0.083); the lowest proportion was recorded for columbids (0.016). Use intensity and visit frequency of water troughs tripled that recorded in feeders, and visits to open feeders/troughs were approximately twice those to protected ones. In summary: feeders and water troughs targeting small game species are also used regularly by non-target ones; they should be set close to cover to optimize their use by non-target species that are not competitors of target species (though corvids may visit them); water availability should be prioritized where drought periods are expected.

Keywords: camera-trapping; feeding; game species; management; watering; wildlife.

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References

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