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. 2021 Jun 15;223(12):2099-2107.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa693.

Differences in Factors Associated With High- and Low-Risk Oral Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Men

Deepti Bettampadi  1   2 , Brittney Dickey  1   2 , Martha Abrahamsen  1 , Bradley Sirak  1 , Maria Luiza Baggio  3 , Lenice Galan  4 , Roberto Carvalho Silva  4 , Luisa Villa  3   5 , Eduardo Lazcano Ponce  6 , Anna R Giuliano  1   2
Affiliations

Differences in Factors Associated With High- and Low-Risk Oral Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Men

Deepti Bettampadi et al. J Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes oral warts and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). Human papillomavirus-attributable OPC incidence among men is significantly increasing worldwide, yet few studies have reported oral HPV across multiple countries or examined factors associated with low- and high-risk HPV separately.

Methods: Oral gargles from 3095 men in the multinational HPV Infection in Men (HIM) Study were HPV genotyped. Multivariable models assessed factors independently associated with high-risk and low-risk HPV prevalence.

Results: The prevalence of high-risk and low-risk HPV was 6.0% and 2.8%, respectively. Greater number of sexual partners was only associated with high-risk HPV (1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22-2.90) prevalence. In multivariable models, residing in Mexico (1.66; 95% CI, 1.15-2.40) and smoking (1.66; 95% CI, 1.13-2.44) were significantly associated with high-risk HPV, and history of consistent gum bleeding (2.16; 95% CI, 1.35-3.45) was significantly associated with low-risk HPV. Gender of the sexual partner did not alter the results for either high- or low-risk HPV endpoints.

Conclusions: Different factors were independently associated with high- and low-risk oral HPV. Oral sexual behaviors were associated with high-risk HPV, and oral health was associated with low-risk HPV. High-risk HPV prevalence differed by country of residence, highlighting the need for additional studies in multiple countries.

Keywords: HPV; international; men; oral; risk factor.

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