Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Feb;81(2):118-126.
doi: 10.1002/pros.24087. Epub 2020 Nov 5.

Early-onset prostate cancer is associated with increased risks of disease progression and cancer-specific mortality

Hung-Jen Shih  1   2 , Su-Chen Fang  3 , Lu An  4 , Yu-Hsuan J Shao  4   5
Affiliations

Early-onset prostate cancer is associated with increased risks of disease progression and cancer-specific mortality

Hung-Jen Shih et al. Prostate. 2021 Feb.

Abstract

Objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) incidence has stabilized but not in patients at a young age. We assessed patient characteristics and disease progression in early-onset PCa.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 28,039 newly diagnosed PCa patients aged ≥35 years was constructed using the Taiwan Cancer Registry in 2008-2016. Patients were categorized by age at diagnosis (≤54, 55-59, 60-69, 70-74, and ≥75 years). The clinical stage at diagnosis, Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen level at diagnosis, Charlson's comorbidity index, and primary and secondary treatments for PCa were included in the analysis. All-cause mortality and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) were reported. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimating the risks of death and of receiving secondary cancer treatment were generated by Cox hazard models.

Results: In patients aged ≤54, 55-59, and 60-69 years, about 60% of them in each group were classified into the high-risk, very high-risk, or metastatic group. However, young patients ≤54 years had a higher risk of PCSM than patients aged 60-69 years (HR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.10-1.49). This trend of an increased risk in PCSM remained for high-risk, very high-risk, or metastatic patients (HR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.01-1.51), but not in low- or intermediate-risk patients. Besides, young patients diagnosed with high-risk diseases had the highest risk of receiving secondary cancer treatment within 180 days after completing primary treatment among all age groups (HR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.07-1.63).

Conclusions: PCa arising in young patients ≤54 years of age, especially those with a high risk or metastatic form, might be more aggressive than that in other age groups.

Keywords: early-onset; prostate cancer; prostate cancer-specific mortality.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

REFERENCES

    1. Zhou CK, Check DP, Lortet-Tieulent J, et al. Prostate cancer incidence in 43 populations worldwide: an analysis of time trends overall and by age group. Int J Cancer. 2016;138(6):1388-1400.
    1. Thorstenson A, Garmo H, Adolfsson J, Bratt O. Cancer specific mortality in men diagnosed with prostate cancer before age 50 years: a nationwide population based study. J Urol. 2017;197(1):61-66.
    1. Kimura T. East meets West: ethnic differences in prostate cancer epidemiology between East Asians and Caucasians. Chin J Cancer. 2012;31(9):421-429.
    1. Salinas CA, Tsodikov A, Ishak-Howard M, Cooney KA. Prostate cancer in young men: an important clinical entity. Nat Rev Urol. 2014;11(6):317-323.
    1. Chiang CJ, You SL, Chen CJ, Yang YW, Lo WC, Lai MS. Quality assessment and improvement of nationwide cancer registration system in Taiwan: a review. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2015;45(3):291-296.

Publication types

Substances

LinkOut - more resources