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. 2020 Nov 7;13(1):512.
doi: 10.1186/s13104-020-05363-0.

A snapshot of Plasmodium falciparum malaria drug resistance markers in Sudan: a pilot study

Nouh S Mohamed  1   2   3   4 , Hanadi Abdelbagi  5 , Hussam A Osman  5 , Abdallah E Ahmed  6 , Alaa M Yousif  5 , Yusraa B Edris  5 , Eman Y Osman  5 , Aahd R Elsadig  7 , Emmanuel E Siddig  6   8 , Madinna Mustafa  9 , Ammar A Mohammed  10 , Yousif Ali  10 , Maha M Osman  6 , Mohamed S Ali  11 , Rihab A Omer  12 , Ayman Ahmed  13 , Carol H Sibley  14
Affiliations

A snapshot of Plasmodium falciparum malaria drug resistance markers in Sudan: a pilot study

Nouh S Mohamed et al. BMC Res Notes. .

Abstract

Objectives: Malaria infection is still known to be a worldwide public health problem, especially in tropical and sub-tropical African countries like Sudan. A pilot study conducted to describe the trend of P. falciparum drug resistance markers in 2017-2018 in comparison to CQ and AS/SP eras in Sudan. The Pfcrt, Pfmdr-1, Pfdhfr, and Pfdhps genes were investigated. Data deposited by the worldwide antimalarial resistance network was consulted, and the molecular markers previously reported from Sudan were analyzed.

Results: Drug molecular markers analysis was successfully done on 20 P. falciparum isolates. The Pfcrt K76 showed high frequency; 16 (80%). For the Pfmdr-1, 9 (45%) isolates were carrying the N86 allele, and 11 (55%) were 86Y allele. While the Y184F of the Pfmdr-1 showed a higher frequency of 184F compared to Y184; 16 (80%) and 4 (20%), respectively. In the Pfdhfr, 51I allele showed higher frequency compared to N51; 18 (90%) and 2 (10%), respectively. For S108N, 18 (90%) were 108 N and 2 (10%) were S108. In the Pfdhps, all isolates were carrying the mutant alleles; 437G and 540E. The frequency distribution of the Pfcrt, Pfmdr-1, Pfdhfr, Pfdhps was significantly different across the whole years in Sudan.

Keywords: Molecular markers; Multi drug resistance; Plasmodium falciparum; Sudan.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Frequency distribution of single Pfcrt K76T and Pfmdr-1 N86Y genotypes in 2017–2018 samples compared with previously published reports
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Frequency distribution of double haplotypes of Pfdhfr N51I and S108N, and Pfdhps A437G and K540E in 2017–2018 samples compared with previously published reports
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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