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. 2020 Nov;2020(526):32-39.
doi: 10.1016/S1773-035X(20)30311-7. Epub 2020 Oct 31.

[Human coronaviruses]

[Article in French]
Michel Segondy  1
Affiliations

[Human coronaviruses]

[Article in French]
Michel Segondy. Rev Francoph Lab. 2020 Nov.

Abstract
in English, French

Four coronaviruses cause frequent and most often mild respiratory infections in humans: HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU 1. In addition to these endemic human coronaviruses, three new coronaviruses of zoonotic origin have emerged in the human population over the past 20 years. SARS-CoV (-1) appeared in 2003, MERS-CoV appeared in 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 appeared in 20l9. These three coronaviruses are the causative agents of a severe respiratory syndrome. The epidemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) due to SARS-CoV-l affected approximately 8,000 individuals and caused approximately 800 deaths but was brought under control within a few months. MERS-CoV has caused more than 2,500 cases since 20l2 with a mortality of around 35 %. SARS-CoV-2 is currently responsible for a major pandemic with significant mortality in the elderly or in patients with underlying diseases.

Quatre coronavirus sont responsables chez l’homme d’infections respiratoires fréquentes et le plus souvent bénignes, il s’agit des HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63 et HCoV-HKU 1. À côté de ces coronavirus humains endémiques, trois nouveaux coro-navirus d’origine zoonotique ont émergé dans la population humaine ces vingt dernières années. Il s’agit du Sars-CoV(-l) apparu en 2003, du Mers-CoV apparu en 20l2, et du Sars-CoV-2 apparu en 20l9. Ces trois coronavirus sont responsables d’un syndrome respiratoire sévère. L’épidémie de syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère due au Sars-CoV-l a touché environ 8 000 individus et occasionné environ 800 décès mais a été jugulée en quelques mois. Le Mers-CoV a occasionné plus de 2 500 cas depuis 20l2 avec une mortalité de l’ordre de 35 %. Le Sars-CoV-2 est actuellement responsable d’une pandémie majeure avec une mortalité importante chez les sujets âgés ou présentant des co-morbidités.

Keywords: HCoV; Mers-CoV; Sars-CoV; Sars-CoV-2; coronavirus.

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Figures

None
© SPL/PHANIE
Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Coronavirus en microscopie électronique.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Structure du génome des coronavirus, exemple du Sars-CoV. © M. Segondy
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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