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Review
. 2020 Dec;19(23):3209-3221.
doi: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1843813. Epub 2020 Nov 9.

The possible role of Sirtuins and microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy

Hedyieh Karbasforooshan  1 , A Wallace Hayes  2   3 , Nooshin Mohammadzadeh  4 , Mohammad Reza Zirak  5 , Gholamreza Karimi  5   6
Affiliations
Review

The possible role of Sirtuins and microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy

Hedyieh Karbasforooshan et al. Cell Cycle. 2020 Dec.

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases that regulate many cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism. SIRT (silent information regulator)-1, 5, 6 and 7, members of the mammalian Sirtuin family of proteins (SIRT1-SIRT7), are involved in carcinogenesis, prognosis, metastasis, and chemical resistant of HCC. These proteins act through the deacetylation of tumor suppressor or oncogenic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that down regulate gene expression by targeting the 3'-untranslated region of miRNAs. MiRNAs can function as tumor suppressors or as oncogenes and are involved in progression, differentiation, apoptosis and drug resistance of tumor cells. The focus of this review is to delineate the relationship between some microRNAs and their target, Sirtuins, and to present an overview of their function in HCC as currently understood.

Keywords: Sirtuin; hepatocellular carcinoma; invasion; micrornas; proliferation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The mechanisms of sirtuins in hepatocellular carcinoma. This model illustrates sirtuins and their upstream and downstream pathways involved in hepatocellular carcinoma. SREBP (Sterol regulatory element binding protein), FASN (Fatty acid synthase), HMGCR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase), EMT (Epithelial-to mesenchymal transition), PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha), CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase) PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase), TGF-β (Transforming growth factor-beta),GPC3, (Glypican-3), ERK (Extracellular signal-regulated kinases), USP22 (upregulated ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22), PDK-1(phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1)
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Sirtuins and microRNAs; the mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma. MicroRNAs modulate cancer development by inhibiting sirtuins. This model describes sirtuins, microRNAs and their downstream pathways involved in hepatocellular carcinoma
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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