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Meta-Analysis
. 2020 Nov 9;21(1):294.
doi: 10.1186/s12931-020-01554-2.

The association between serum vitamin D and obstructive sleep apnea: an updated meta-analysis

Xiaoyan Li  1 , Jie He  2 , Jie Yun  3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

The association between serum vitamin D and obstructive sleep apnea: an updated meta-analysis

Xiaoyan Li et al. Respir Res. .

Abstract

Background: The objective was to determine whether OSA patients have a low serum vitamin D level by systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: This study searched the following electronic bibliographic databases: Embase, Medline, Web of Science, PubMed, VIP, Wanfang, CNKI and SinoMed. All data were searched between January 2000 and August 2020. The quality of the included studies was estimated by two researchers according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. All qualified studies and statistical analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.2.

Results: Twenty-nine eligible studies compromising 6717 participants met the inclusion criteria of the meta-analysis. The results revealed that the serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in OSA patients than the controls. According to the severity of the disease, subgroup analysis was performed; the results demonstrated that the serum 25(OH)D level was not decreased in mild OSA patients compared with the controls, while the serum 25(OH)D level in moderate and severe OSA patients was lower than that in the controls. Furthermore, based on ethnicity, BMI, PSG type, study quality and latitude, the subjects were divided into different subgroups for meta-analysis. The results revealed that the serum 25(OH)D level in all OSA subgroups was decreased compared with that in the control group.

Conclusions: The present meta-analysis shows that the serum vitamin D level was different between OSA patients and healthy people. OSA patients could have a low serum vitamin D level.

Keywords: Meta-analysis; Obstructive sleep apnea; Systematic review; Vitamin D.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram of literature selecting process and results according to the preferred reporting items for the meta-analysis. OSA: obstructive sleep apnea
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot of SMD and its 95%CI for serum 25(OH)D levels in integral OSA patients group compared to the control group in meta-analysis. SMD: standard mean difference; CI: confidence interval; OSA: obstructive sleep apnea
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Subgroup analysis depended on different severity of OSA patients compared to the controls was displayed in meta-analysis. The means of expression are SMD and its 95%CI. SMD: standard mean difference; CI: confidence interval; OSA: obstructive sleep apnea
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Funnel plot was to evaluate the publication bias among those included literatures about the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and OSA. SMD: standard mean difference; OSA: obstructive sleep apnea
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