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Review
. 2020 Nov 6;8(11):1743.
doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8111743.

JAK-STAT Inhibitors in Atopic Dermatitis from Pathogenesis to Clinical Trials Results

Krzysztof Szalus  1 , Magdalena Trzeciak  1 , Roman J Nowicki  1
Affiliations
Review

JAK-STAT Inhibitors in Atopic Dermatitis from Pathogenesis to Clinical Trials Results

Krzysztof Szalus et al. Microorganisms. .

Abstract

A common disease worldwide is known as atopic dermatitis (AD), named also as atopic eczema, which is a chronic recurrent complex inflammatory skin disorder. It affects 2-10% of the adult population and up to 20% of the pediatric population. The clinical AD picture appears in typically localized eczema and dry skin, and is dominated by a persistent pruritus followed by sleep disturbances. AD strongly impacts on the quality of life of AD patients and their families as well as on social and economic aspects. The pathogenesis of the disease is complex and consists of multiple interactions between immunological disturbances, skin barrier defect, and microbial dysbiosis with environmental influences. The treatment of AD reflects the pathogenetic disorders, starting from basic emollient therapy, and goes to topical anti-inflammatory regimens followed by phototherapy, systemic immunosuppressive drugs, and new biologic immunomodulators. This paper will thus summarize the novel collection of biological treatment JAK-STAT inhibitors dedicated to AD.

Keywords: JAK-STAT; abrocitinib; atopic dermatitis; baricitinib; cerdulatinib; delgocitinib; gusacitinib; ruxolitinib; tofacitinib; upadacitinib.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Differential diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Main potential diseases that can confuse AD diagnosis are included in the table. Many different options do make this an easy way to reach final diagnosis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Typical location and morphology of atopic eczema. Photos show typical location of skin lesions in children.
Figure 3
Figure 3
AD pathogenesis. A compound process in the picture unveiled the combined pathogenesis of AD that leads to the acute phase of the disease. The picture is simplified to understand the influence of many different factors including environment on AD focus. Key (+: stimulation, ↑: increase, ↓: decrease).
Figure 4
Figure 4
JAK-STAT targeting sites. In the figure, we present grip points followed by the particular JAK-STAT pathway for major inhibitors described in the article.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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