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Review
. 2020 Oct 18;17(18):2974-2986.
doi: 10.7150/ijms.50537. eCollection 2020.

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports

Tanner Corse  1 , Linda Dayan  1 , Sydney Kersten  1 , Fortunato Battaglia  2 , Stanley R Terlecky  2 , Zhiyong Han  2
Affiliations
Review

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports

Tanner Corse et al. Int J Med Sci. .

Abstract

In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, all COVID-19 patients are naïve patients as it is the first-time humans have been exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. As with exposure to many viruses, individuals with pre-existing, compromised immune systems may be at increased risk of developing severe symptoms and/or dying because of (SARS-CoV-2) infection. To learn more about such individuals, we conducted a search and review of published reports on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing, compromised immune systems. Here we present our review of patients who possess pre-existing primary antibody deficiency (PAD) and those who are organ transplant recipients on maintenance immunosuppressants. Our review indicates different clinical outcomes for the patients with pre-existing PAD, depending on the underlying causes. For organ transplant recipients, drug-induced immune suppression alone does not appear to enhance COVID-19 mortality risk - rather, advanced age, comorbidities, and the development of secondary complications appears required.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists.

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Flow chart of search, inclusion, and exclusion of articles.
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