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. 2021 Apr;109(2):514-523.
doi: 10.1007/s10266-020-00568-y. Epub 2020 Nov 11.

Comparative analysis of dimensional alterations following extraction of maxillary molars using three-dimensional images' superimposition: a CBCT study

Yo-Wei Chen  1 , Matthew Finkelman  2 , Panos Papaspirisdakos  1 , João Batista César-Neto  3 , Hans Peter Weber  1 , André Barbisan de Souza  4
Affiliations

Comparative analysis of dimensional alterations following extraction of maxillary molars using three-dimensional images' superimposition: a CBCT study

Yo-Wei Chen et al. Odontology. 2021 Apr.

Abstract

The aims of this study were to (i) evaluate the bone alterations following maxillary molar extraction and (ii) identify the factors associated with bone alterations using a tomographic analysis. Cone Beam Computer Tomographies (CBCTs) of 17 subjects with 25 maxillary molars were analyzed, before and, in average, 12 months following extraction. Fifty CBCTs were segmented as 3D models that were used as reference for analysis. Cross-sectional planes were established to measure the dimensional changes in the vertical, horizontal aspects, and the area of the alveolar bone. Associations between root divergence, initial bone location related to the maxillary sinus, and the thickness of buccal and palatal bone at baseline was assessed using mixed-effect models. Overall, the average reduction in vertical bone height was 35.23% (2.61 ± 1.76 mm). The mean reduction of area of alveolar process and horizontal bone width were 18.89% (56.08 ± 44.23 mm2) and 65.10% (8.33 ± 4.51 mm), respectively. There was a marginal significant association between horizontal bone changes and the thickness of palatal bone (p = 0.05). The results of the present study indicated that following maxillary molar extraction, significant dimensional changes occur in both the vertical and horizontal directions. The vertical changes were mainly attributed to remodeling on the coronal aspect of the alveolar ridge and sinus pneumatization was rare.

Keywords: Alveolar remolding; CBCT; Maxillary molar extraction; Pneumatization; Superimposition.

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