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Review
. 2021 Apr;69(4):263-277.
doi: 10.1007/s00106-020-00961-7. Epub 2020 Nov 12.

[Late toxicity following primary conservative treatment : Dysphagia and xerostomia]

[Article in German]
A D Jensen  1   2 , C Langer  3   4
Affiliations
Review

[Late toxicity following primary conservative treatment : Dysphagia and xerostomia]

[Article in German]
A D Jensen et al. HNO. 2021 Apr.

Abstract
in English, German

Dysphagia and xerostomia are still among the most important acute and late side effects of radiotherapy. Technical developments over the past two decades have led to improved diagnostics and recognition as well as understanding of the causes of these side effects. Based on these findings and advances in both treatment planning and irradiation techniques, the incidence and severity of treatment-associated radiogenic late sequelae could be clearly reduced by the use of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), which could contribute to marked long-term improvements in the quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer. Highly conformal techniques, such as proton therapy have the potential to further reduce treatment-associated side effects in head and neck oncology and are currently being prospectively tested within clinical trial protocols at several centers.

Dysphagie und Xerostomie gehören weiterhin zu den wichtigsten Nebenwirkungen sowohl in der Akut- als auch in der Spätphase nach Strahlentherapie. Technische Entwicklungen der letzten beiden Dekaden haben zu einem besseren Nachweis dieser Nebenwirkungen und einem tieferen Verständnis der Ursachen beigetragen. Auf Basis dieser Erkenntnisse sowie von Verbesserungen in der Planungs- und Bestrahlungstechnik konnten radiogene Spätfolgen bereits durch den Einsatz der intensitätsmodulierten Strahlentherapie in Frequenz und Ausprägung deutlich reduziert werden, was mithin zu einer langfristig verbesserten Lebensqualität strahlentherapeutisch behandelter Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren beitragen konnte. Weitere Verbesserungen verspricht man sich durch den Einsatz noch konformalerer Techniken wie der Therapie mit Protonen, die an verschiedenen Einrichtungen bereits prospektiv für den Einsatz in der Kopf-Hals-Onkologie untersucht wird.

Keywords: Chemoradiotherapy; Head and neck neoplasms; Quality of life; Radiotherapy; Side effects.

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