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Review
. 2020 Dec 17;4(6):613-625.
doi: 10.1042/ETLS20200195.

Emerging nanomaterials for dental treatments

Zi Hong Mok  1 , Gordon Proctor  2 , Maya Thanou  1
Affiliations
Review

Emerging nanomaterials for dental treatments

Zi Hong Mok et al. Emerg Top Life Sci. .

Abstract

The emergence of nanomaterials for dental treatments is encouraged by the nanotopography of the tooth structure, together with the promising benefits of nanomedicine. The use of nanoparticles in dentistry, also termed as 'nanodentistry', has manifested in applications for remineralisation, antimicrobial activity, local anaesthesia, anti-inflammation, osteoconductivity and stem cell differentiation. Besides the applications on dental tissues, nanoparticles have been used to enhance the mechanical properties of dental composites, improving their bonding and anchorage and reducing friction. The small particle size allows for enhanced permeation into deeper lesions, and reduction in porosities of dental composites for higher mechanical strength. The large surface area to volume ratio allows for enhanced bioactivity such as bonding and integration, and more intense action towards microorganisms. Controlled release of encapsulated bioactive molecules such as drugs and growth factors enables them to be delivered more precisely, with site-targeted delivery for localised treatments. These properties have benefitted across multiple fields within dentistry, including periodontology and endodontics and reengineering of dental prosthetics and braces. This review summarises the current literature on the emerging field of nanomaterials for dental treatments.

Keywords: endodontics; nanomaterials; orthodontics; periodontics; prosthodontics; remineralisation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no competing interests associated with the manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
An overview of nanomaterials used in remineralisation treatment and preventive dentistry.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. An overview of nanomaterials used in periodontal treatment.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. An overview of nanomaterials used in endodontic treatment.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.. An overview of nanomaterials used in prosthodontic treatment.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.. An overview of nanomaterials used in orthodontic treatment.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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