. 2021 Feb 22;96(8):e1190-e1201.

doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011149.

PM_2.5 Associated With Gray Matter Atrophy Reflecting Increased Alzheimer Risk in Older Women

Diana Younan¹, Xinhui Wang², Ramon Casanova², Ryan Barnard², Sarah A Gaussoin², Santiago Saldana², Andrew J Petkus², Daniel P Beavers², Susan M Resnick², JoAnn E Manson², Marc L Serre², William Vizuete², Victor W Henderson², Bonnie C Sachs², Joel Salinas², Margaret Gatz², Mark A Espeland², Helena C Chui², Sally A Shumaker², Stephen R Rapp², Jiu-Chiuan Chen²; Women's Health Initiative

Collaborators, Affiliations

Collaborators

Women's Health Initiative:
Jacques Rossouw, Shari Ludlam, Joan McGowan, Nancy Geller, Garnet L Anderson, Ross Prentice, Charles Kooperberg, Lisa Johnson, Andrea LaCroix, Lesley Tinker, Marian Neuhouser, Susan Heckbert, Alex Reiner, Xiaoling Song, Wayne Rosamond, Shirley Beresford, Chu Chen, Barbara Cochrane, Shari Bassuk, Howard Sesso, Lu Wang, Barbara V Howard, Marcia Stefanick, Mark Hlatky, Marco Perez, Themistocles Assimes, Jean Tang, Rebecca Jackson, Randall Harris, Electra Paskett, W Jerry Mysiw, Michael Blumenfeld, Cynthia A Thomson, Tamsen Bassford, Cheryl Ritenbaugh, Zhao Chen, Marcia Ko, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Michael LaMonte, Amy Millen, Heather Ochs-Balcom, Christopher Andrews, Marian Limacher, Michael Perri, Andrew Kaunitz, R Stan Williams, Yvonne Brinson, Jennifer Robinson, Robert Wallace, James Torner, Susan Johnson, Linda Snetselaar, Robert Brunner, Sandra Daugherty, Lewis Kuller, Jane Cauley, N Carole Milas, Claudine Legault, Laura Coker, Michelle Naughton

Affiliations

¹ From the Departments of Preventive Medicine (D.Y., J.C.C) and Neurology (X.W., A.J.P., H.C.C., J.-C.C.) and the Center for Economic and Social Research (M.G.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Departments of Biostatistics and Data Science (R.C., R.B., S.A.G., S.S., D.P.B., M.A.E.), Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine (S.R.R.), Social Sciences & Health Policy (S.A.S., S.R.R.), and Neurology (B.C.S.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience (S.M.R.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (M.L.S., W.V.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Departments of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (V.W.H.), Stanford University, CA; Department of Medicine (J.E.M.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology (J.S.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York. dyounan@usc.edu.
² From the Departments of Preventive Medicine (D.Y., J.C.C) and Neurology (X.W., A.J.P., H.C.C., J.-C.C.) and the Center for Economic and Social Research (M.G.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Departments of Biostatistics and Data Science (R.C., R.B., S.A.G., S.S., D.P.B., M.A.E.), Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine (S.R.R.), Social Sciences & Health Policy (S.A.S., S.R.R.), and Neurology (B.C.S.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience (S.M.R.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (M.L.S., W.V.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Departments of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (V.W.H.), Stanford University, CA; Department of Medicine (J.E.M.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology (J.S.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York.

PMID: 33208540
PMCID: PMC8055348
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011149

PM_2.5 Associated With Gray Matter Atrophy Reflecting Increased Alzheimer Risk in Older Women

Diana Younan et al. Neurology. 2021.

. 2021 Feb 22;96(8):e1190-e1201.

doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011149.

Authors

Collaborators

Women's Health Initiative:
Jacques Rossouw, Shari Ludlam, Joan McGowan, Nancy Geller, Garnet L Anderson, Ross Prentice, Charles Kooperberg, Lisa Johnson, Andrea LaCroix, Lesley Tinker, Marian Neuhouser, Susan Heckbert, Alex Reiner, Xiaoling Song, Wayne Rosamond, Shirley Beresford, Chu Chen, Barbara Cochrane, Shari Bassuk, Howard Sesso, Lu Wang, Barbara V Howard, Marcia Stefanick, Mark Hlatky, Marco Perez, Themistocles Assimes, Jean Tang, Rebecca Jackson, Randall Harris, Electra Paskett, W Jerry Mysiw, Michael Blumenfeld, Cynthia A Thomson, Tamsen Bassford, Cheryl Ritenbaugh, Zhao Chen, Marcia Ko, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Michael LaMonte, Amy Millen, Heather Ochs-Balcom, Christopher Andrews, Marian Limacher, Michael Perri, Andrew Kaunitz, R Stan Williams, Yvonne Brinson, Jennifer Robinson, Robert Wallace, James Torner, Susan Johnson, Linda Snetselaar, Robert Brunner, Sandra Daugherty, Lewis Kuller, Jane Cauley, N Carole Milas, Claudine Legault, Laura Coker, Michelle Naughton

Affiliations

¹ From the Departments of Preventive Medicine (D.Y., J.C.C) and Neurology (X.W., A.J.P., H.C.C., J.-C.C.) and the Center for Economic and Social Research (M.G.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Departments of Biostatistics and Data Science (R.C., R.B., S.A.G., S.S., D.P.B., M.A.E.), Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine (S.R.R.), Social Sciences & Health Policy (S.A.S., S.R.R.), and Neurology (B.C.S.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience (S.M.R.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (M.L.S., W.V.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Departments of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (V.W.H.), Stanford University, CA; Department of Medicine (J.E.M.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology (J.S.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York. dyounan@usc.edu.
² From the Departments of Preventive Medicine (D.Y., J.C.C) and Neurology (X.W., A.J.P., H.C.C., J.-C.C.) and the Center for Economic and Social Research (M.G.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Departments of Biostatistics and Data Science (R.C., R.B., S.A.G., S.S., D.P.B., M.A.E.), Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine (S.R.R.), Social Sciences & Health Policy (S.A.S., S.R.R.), and Neurology (B.C.S.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience (S.M.R.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (M.L.S., W.V.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Departments of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and Neurology and Neurological Sciences (V.W.H.), Stanford University, CA; Department of Medicine (J.E.M.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology (J.S.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York.

PMID: 33208540
PMCID: PMC8055348
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011149

Abstract

Objective: To examine whether late-life exposure to PM_2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters <2.5 µm) contributes to progressive brain atrophy predictive of Alzheimer disease (AD) using a community-dwelling cohort of women (age 70-89 years) with up to 2 brain MRI scans (MRI-1, 2005-2006; MRI-2, 2010-2011).

Methods: AD pattern similarity (AD-PS) scores, developed by supervised machine learning and validated with MRI data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, were used to capture high-dimensional gray matter atrophy in brain areas vulnerable to AD (e.g., amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, thalamus, inferior temporal lobe areas, and midbrain). Using participants' addresses and air monitoring data, we implemented a spatiotemporal model to estimate 3-year average exposure to PM_2.5 preceding MRI-1. General linear models were used to examine the association between PM_2.5 and AD-PS scores (baseline and 5-year standardized change), accounting for potential confounders and white matter lesion volumes.

Results: For 1,365 women 77.9 ± 3.7 years of age in 2005 to 2006, there was no association between PM_2.5 and baseline AD-PS score in cross-sectional analyses (β = -0.004; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.019 to 0.011). Longitudinally, each interquartile range increase of PM_2.5 (2.82 µg/m³) was associated with increased AD-PS scores during the follow-up, equivalent to a 24% (hazard ratio 1.24, 95% CI 1.14-1.34) increase in AD risk over 5 years (n = 712, age 77.4 ± 3.5 years). This association remained after adjustment for sociodemographics, intracranial volume, lifestyle, clinical characteristics, and white matter lesions and was present with levels below US regulatory standards (<12 µg/m³).

Conclusions: Late-life exposure to PM_2.5 is associated with increased neuroanatomic risk of AD, which may not be explained by available indicators of cerebrovascular damage.

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Comment in

Luftverschmutzung erhöht Demenzrisiko.
Blume T. Blume T. MMW Fortschr Med. 2021 Feb;163(2):22. doi: 10.1007/s15006-021-9576-5. MMW Fortschr Med. 2021. PMID: 33527273 German. No abstract available.

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PM_2.5 Associated With Gray Matter Atrophy Reflecting Increased Alzheimer Risk in Older Women

Collaborators

Affiliations

PM_2.5 Associated With Gray Matter Atrophy Reflecting Increased Alzheimer Risk in Older Women

Authors

Collaborators

Affiliations

Abstract

Figures

Comment in

References

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