Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Jan;32(1):112-122.
doi: 10.1111/clr.13684. Epub 2020 Dec 29.

Prevalence and risk/protective indicators of peri-implant diseases: A university-representative cross-sectional study

Mario Romandini  1 , Cristina Lima  1 , Ignacio Pedrinaci  1 , Ana Araoz  1 , Maria Costanza Soldini  2 , Mariano Sanz  1   3
Affiliations

Prevalence and risk/protective indicators of peri-implant diseases: A university-representative cross-sectional study

Mario Romandini et al. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2021 Jan.

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of peri-implant diseases and to identify risk/protective indicators of peri-implantitis.

Materials and methods: Two hundred and forty randomly selected patients from a university clinic database were invited to participate. Those who accepted, once data from their medical and dental history were collected, were examined clinically and radiographically to assess the prevalence of peri-implant health and diseases. Peri-implantitis was defined as the presence of BoP/SoP together with radiographic bone levels (BL) ≧2 mm. An intermediate peri-implant health category between peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis was also identified, defined by the presence of BoP/SoP together with 1 mm ≦BL < 2 mm. A multilevel multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify those factors associated either positively (risk) or negatively (protective) with peri-implantitis.

Results: Ninety-nine patients with a total of 458 dental implants were analyzed. The prevalences of pre-periimplantitis and of peri-implantitis were, respectively, 31.3% and 56.6% at patient-level, while 31.7% and 27.9% at implant level. The following factors were identified as risk indicators for peri-implantitis: smoking (OR = 3.59; 95% CI: 1.52-8.45), moderate/severe periodontitis (OR = 2.77; 95% CI: 1.20-6.36), <16 remaining teeth (OR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.05-4.73), plaque (OR = 3.49; 95% CI: 1.13-10.75), implant malposition (too vestibular: OR = 2.85; 95% CI: 1.17-6.93), implant brand (Nobel vs. Straumann: OR = 4.41;95% CI: 1.76-11.09), restoration type (bridge vs. single crown: OR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.19-5.12), and trauma as reason of tooth loss (vs. caries: OR = 6.51; 95% CI: 1.45-29.26). Conversely, the following factors were identified as protective indicators: interproximal flossing/brushing (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.11-0.68), proton pump inhibitors (OR = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.90), and anticoagulants (OR = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.56).

Conclusions: Peri-implant diseases are highly prevalent among patients with dental implants in this university-based population. Several factors were identified as risk- and protective- indicators of peri-implantitis.

Keywords: biological complications; biotype; cardiovascular diseases; cemented; cross-sectional studies; dental implants; dental prosthesis; diabetes mellitus; epidemiology; implant failure; implant loss; keratinized tissue; medications; oral hygiene; osteoporosis; overloading; peri-implantitis; periodontal diseases; platform switching; prevalence; risk factors; tooth-brushing; university-based.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

REFERENCES

    1. Amerio, E., Mainas, G., Petrova, D., Giner Tarrida, L., Nart, J., & Monje, A. (2020). Compliance with supportive periodontal/peri-implant therapy: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 47(1), 81-100. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13204
    1. Barootchi, S., Ravidà, A., Tavelli, L., & Wang, H.-L. (2020). Nonsurgical treatment for peri-implant mucositis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Oral Implantology (New Malden, London, England), 13(2), 123-139.
    1. Berglundh, T., Armitage, G., Araujo, M. G., Avila-Ortiz, G., Blanco, J., Camargo, P. M., Chen, S., Cochran, D., Derks, J., Figuero, E., Hämmerle, C. H. F., Heitz-Mayfield, L. J. A., Huynh-Ba, G., Iacono, V., Koo, K.-T., Lambert, F., McCauley, L., Quirynen, M., Renvert, S., … Zitzmann, N. (2018). Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 45, S286-S291. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12957
    1. Berglundh, T., Wennström, J. L., & Lindhe, J. (2018). Long-term outcome of surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. A 2-11-year retrospective study. Clinical Oral Implants Research, 29(4), 404-410. https://doi.org/10.1111/clr.13138
    1. Canullo, L., Tallarico, M., Radovanovic, S., Delibasic, B., Covani, U., & Rakic, M. (2016). Distinguishing predictive profiles for patient-based risk assessment and diagnostics of plaque induced, surgically and prosthetically triggered peri-implantitis. Clinical Oral Implants Research, 27(10), 1243-1250. https://doi.org/10.1111/clr.12738

Substances

LinkOut - more resources