Preventing the Spread of COVID-19 in Immigration Detention Centers Requires the Release of Detainees

Abstract

Immigration detention centers are densely populated facilities in which restrictive conditions limit detainees' abilities to engage in social distancing or hygiene practices designed to prevent the spread of COVID-19. With tens of thousands of adults and children in more than 200 immigration detention centers across the United States, immigration detention centers are likely to experience COVID-19 outbreaks and add substantially to the population of those infected.Despite compelling evidence indicating a heightened risk of infection among detainees, state and federal governments have done little to protect the health of detained im-migrants. An evidence-based public health framework must guide the COVID-19 response in immigration detention centers.We draw on the hierarchy of controls framework to demonstrate how immigration detention centers are failing to implement even the least effective control strategies. Drawing on this framework and recent legal and medical advocacy efforts, we argue that safely releasing detainees from immigration detention centers into their communities is the most effective way to prevent COVID-19 outbreaks in immigration detention settings. Failure to do so will result in infection and death among those detained and deepen existing health and social inequities.

FIGURE 1—

Effectiveness of COVID-19 Controls in Immigration Detention Settings Note. PPE = personal protective equipment. Figure presents a hierarchy of controls as applied to COVID-19 control in immigration detention. The width of the pyramid corresponds to the effectiveness of the control strategy. Source. Adapted from the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hierarchy/default.html).