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. 2020 Oct 20;12(10):e11053.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.11053.

A New Perspective for Isolated Coronary Artery Ectasia: Cystatin C

Alper Karakus  1 , Ahmet Tütüncü  2 , Sencer Çamcı  1 , Berat Uğuz  1 , Gökhan Özmen  1 , Hasan Arı  3 , Mehmet Demir  1
Affiliations

A New Perspective for Isolated Coronary Artery Ectasia: Cystatin C

Alper Karakus et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Introduction The pathophysiology of isolated coronary artery ectasia (iCAE) has not been clearly identified, although multiple abnormalities, including arteritis, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular destruction, have been reported. In this study, we aimed to analyze serum cystatin C concentrations in patients with iCAE and controls. Methods Forty-seven patients with iCAE (mean age: 55.9 ± 11.5) and 32 individuals with normal coronary angiography (mean age: 57.8.1 ± 9.6) were included in the study. Plasma cystatin C levels were measured by using the principle of particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA). Results Serum cystatin C concentrations were significantly lower in patients with iCAE compared with the control group (0.98 ± 0.17 mg/L versus 1.17 ± 2.6 mg/L, p-value = 0.001). A significantly positive relationship was found between serum cystatin C levels and creatinine and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in both groups (r-value = 0.288, p-value = 0.005, r-value = 0.143, p-value = 0.007, respectively). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum cystatin C level found to be a significant predictor for the presence of iCAE (OR: 0.837, CI: 95% (0.341 - 1.637), p-value = 0.013). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis determined that a cystatin C value < 1.02 mg/L had a sensitivity of 56% and a specificity of 78% for the prediction of ectasia. Conclusion We conclude that cystatin C independently can be a useful predictor for the presence of iCAE.

Keywords: aneurysm; coronary ectasia; dilating vascular disease; endothelial dysfunction; positive arterial remodeling.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Serum cystatin C concentrations of the patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia and control group
iCAE: isolated coronary artery ectasia
Figure 2
Figure 2. The correlation between cystatin C and creatinine (A) and C-reactive protein (B)
Figure 3
Figure 3. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine the association between isolated coronary artery ectasia and cystatin C
Cut-off value of < 1.02 mg/L demonstrated a sensitivity of 56% and a specificity of 78% (area under the curve: 0.67, p = 0.001, 95% CI: 0.55 – 0.78).
Figure 4
Figure 4. Infographic demonstration of the study
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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