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. 2020 Nov 20;33(2):e1533.
doi: 10.1590/0102-672020200002e1533. eCollection 2020.

PINE NANOCELLULOSE AND BACTERIAL NANOCELLULOSE DRESSINGS ARE SIMILAR IN THE TREATMENT OF SECOND-DEGREE BURN? EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN RATS

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Guilherme Andrade Coelho  1 , Maria Angélica Baron MagalhÃes  1 , Alysson Matioski  1 , Jurandir Marcondes Ribas-Filho  1 , Washington Luiz Esteves MagalhÃes  2 , Francine Ceccon Claro  2 , Rafael Koerich Ramos  1 , Thayline Mylena Santana de Camargo  1 , Osvaldo Malafaia  1
Affiliations

PINE NANOCELLULOSE AND BACTERIAL NANOCELLULOSE DRESSINGS ARE SIMILAR IN THE TREATMENT OF SECOND-DEGREE BURN? EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN RATS

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Guilherme Andrade Coelho et al. Arq Bras Cir Dig. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Background: Crusts in 7th follow-up day: G1 yes; G2 no; G3 no (left to right). Bespite all the advances in medicine and the wide variety of dressings available, the treatment of burn wounds still represents an important medical challenge. The pinus cellulose membrane dressing is a biomaterial with characteristics similar to those of bacterial cellulose, but with lower cost.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of pinus nanocellulose membrane on healing of deep second degree burns in rats and compare with Membracel®.

Method: Thirty male Wistar rats were submitted to deep second degree burn in dorse, with boiling water at 97o C for 20 s, generating a 314 mm² area wound. The animals were distributed in three dressing groups (n=10): group 1 - simple gauze; group 2 - bacterial cellulose membrane (Membracel®); and group 3 - pinus cellulose membrane. They were evaluated for 20 days to verify clinical condition, macro and microscopic appearance and wound contraction.

Results: All of them remained clinically well with no differences in weight. Crusts were observed in group 1, and none in groups 2 and 3. Regarding to scar contraction, groups 2 and 3 were similar, better than group 1. Microscopic analysis showed predominance of advanced healing degree in groups 1 and 3, and initial in group 2. Mature collagen was predominant in all groups.

Conclusion: The pinus nanocellulose membrane is effective in the treatment of experimental second degree burn in rats and its effectiveness is similar to that of the bacterial nanocellular membrane.

Racional:: Apesar de todos os avanços da medicina e da grande variedade de curativos disponíveis, o tratamento das queimaduras ainda representa importante desafio médico. O curativo de membrana de celulose de pinus é biomaterial com características semelhantes à de celulose bacteriana, mas de menor custo.

Objetivo:: Avaliar a eficácia da membrana de nanocelulose de pinus na cicatrização de queimaduras profundas de segundo grau em ratos e comparar com a Membracel®.

Método:: Trinta ratos Wistar machos foram submetidos à queimadura profunda de segundo grau em dorso, com água fervente a 97o C por 20 s, gerando lesão de 314 mm². Os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos de curativos (n = 10): grupo 1 - gaze simples; grupo 2 - membrana de celulose bacteriana (Membracel®); e grupo 3 - membrana de celulose de pinus. Eles foram avaliados por 20 dias para verificar o quadro clínico, aspecto macro e microscópico e a contração da ferida.

Resultados:: Todos permaneceram clinicamente bem, sem diferenças de peso. Crostas foram observadas no grupo 1 e nenhuma nos grupos 2 e 3. Em relação à contração da cicatriz, os grupos 2 e 3 foram semelhantes, melhores que o grupo 1. A análise microscópica mostrou predomínio de grau de cicatrização avançado nos grupos 1 e 3, e inicial no grupo 2. O colágeno maduro foi predominante em todos os grupos.

Conclusão:: A membrana de nanocelulose de pinus é eficaz no tratamento de queimaduras experimentais de segundo grau em ratos e sua eficácia é semelhante à da membrana nanocelular bacteriana.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: none

Figures

None
Crusts in 7th follow-up day: G1 yes; G2 no; G3 no (left to right)
None
Crostas no 7º PO: G1 sim; G2 não; G3 não (esquerda para direita)
FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1. Experimental procedure for pine cellulose nanofibrils production: A) Supermasscolloider grinder from Masuko JP; B) bleached cellulose pulp being processed by the mill; C) typical glassware used to produce nanofibrillated cellulose; D) vacuum filtration for manufacturing of nanocellulose membranes; E) fabricated nanocellulose membrane
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2. A) Burn wound induction: 1) boiling water inside 20 ml syringe; 2) final aspect of the burn injury - observe the pale skin area surrrounded by a hyperemic halo (arrow); 3) appearance of the wound three days after the burn induction - observe the scab formation. B) Dressing final appearances: 4) group 2 dressing made with BNM (Membracel®); 5) group 3 dressing made with PNM; 6) simple gauze and crepe bandages. C) Macroscopic appearance in the 7 th follow-up day: 7) group 1, completely covered by crusts; 8) reddish wound with no crusts in group 2; 9) same, in a rat of group 3.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3. A) Microscopic aspect of the wound immediately after burn, showing complete injury of dermis and epidermis (note the preserved lamina basal -arrow -, as well as the muscle and adipose tissue - bracket); B) microscopic appearance showing the healing stage in the last follow-up day, group 1, with medium thickness granulation tissue, stage 3; C) group 2, filled with immature granulation tissue, inflammatory cells, capillaries and some fibroblasts, with lack of epithelium in most of the wound, stage 2; D) group 3, with thick and vascularized granulation tissue, recovered by epithelium, stage 4 (H&E x40)
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4. Photomicrograph of collagen fibers of the animals of groups 1. 2 and 3: A) predominance of mature collagen fibers. but desorganized and full of gaps in group 1 rats; B) mature. thick and organized collagen fibers in group 2; C) and also in group 3 (PR)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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