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. 2020 Nov 23;9(11):3786.
doi: 10.3390/jcm9113786.

Association of Postural Instability with Autonomic Dysfunction in Early Parkinson's Disease

Sooyeoun You  1 , Hyun Ah Kim  1 , Hyung Lee  1
Affiliations

Association of Postural Instability with Autonomic Dysfunction in Early Parkinson's Disease

Sooyeoun You et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Background: There have been several pathologic data that support an association between postural instability (PI) and autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of PI and autonomic deficits in early PD.

Methods: We collected 17 patients with a diagnosis of early PD. PI was assessed by computerized dynamic posturography (CDP). Standardized autonomic function test (AFT) and time and frequency domain spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) were performed. CDP data obtained from the 21 patients were compared to that from age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We collected HRV data from 18 other age- and sex-matched controls. All patients were evaluated in the "OFF" state. We used Mann-Whitney U-test to compare parameters of CDP between the early PD and control groups. Spearman correlation was used for correlation analysis between parameters of CDP and autonomic function test in PD patients.

Results: Most patients (76.5%) showed mild or moderate autonomic dysfunction in the standardized AFT. In CDP, sensory ratios of equilibrium score (e.g., visual and vestibular) and composite scores were significantly lower in PD patients than in controls. In HRV, the low-frequency/high-frequency ratio during the tilt and the gap of low- frequency/high-frequency ratio from supine to tilt were significantly different in both groups. The parameters of time and frequency domains of HRV reflecting parasympathetic function were correlated with equilibrium scores for somatosensory organization test in CDP.

Discussion: PI was associated with parasympathetic autonomic dysfunction in early PD. This result was in accordance with a previous assumption that PI in PD is related to parasympathetic cholinergic neuron loss in the brainstem.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; autonomic function test; correlation; heart rate variability; parasympathetic activity; posturography.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Test conditions for sensory organization test (SOT) 1 to 6 under which equilibrium score was calculated. Under condition 1 (eyes open), and condition 2 (eyes closed), both the platform and the surround remain immobilized. Under condition 3, the surround moves. Under condition 4, the platform moves and the surround remains fixed. Under condition 5, the platform moves while the subject keeps his/her eyes closed. Under condition 6, both the surround and the platform move.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlations between the gap of rMSSD, pNN50, triangular HRV and HF from supine to tilt, and composite sensory organization test (SOT) score in early Parkinson’s disease patients. HRV, heart rate variability; rMSSD, the square root of the mean squared difference of successive NNs; pNN50, proportion of NN50 divided by the total number of NN (R–R) intervals; HF, high frequency.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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