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Review
. 2020 Dec;55(6):366-372.
doi: 10.1177/0018578719848732. Epub 2019 May 27.

Prophylactic Enoxaparin Dosing in Obese Orthopedic Patients: A Literature Search

Van N Tran  1 , Ilya Varfolomeev  2 , Geoff Hill  3
Affiliations
Review

Prophylactic Enoxaparin Dosing in Obese Orthopedic Patients: A Literature Search

Van N Tran et al. Hosp Pharm. 2020 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to review the current literature for prophylactic enoxaparin dosing in obese orthopedic patients. Method: A literature search was undertaken using OVID Medline, OVID Embase, and Cochrane Central databases, accessed through hospital library websites. Key search terms (in UK and US spelling) included orthopaedics, low-molecular-weight heparin, enoxaparin, venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, weight, obese, morbid obesity. Possible related subheadings, such as bone, fractures, anticoagulants, overweight, body mass index, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, were also included in the database search to optimize the search strategies. The search was restricted to human subjects and limited to articles published from 1998 to the present. Results: The search identified 429 potentially relevant articles. Once duplicates were removed, 345 were screened for inclusion in this review. Only 3 articles (a case-control study, an observational prospective study, and a case report) met both the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings from this review need to be interpreted cautiously due to limitations in study designs and the potential for confounding bias. Conclusion: The results of a multiple database search draw one to the conclusion that there is very limited evidence in the literature with regard to prophylactic enoxaparin dosing in obese orthopedic-specific patients. Orthopedic patients are among the highest risk of all surgical specialties for venous thromboembolism. There is strong evidence to support an increased prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin doses in obese patients; thus, the authors recommend higher prophylactic enoxaparin dosing in obese orthopedic patients.

Keywords: deep vein thrombosis; low-molecular-weight heparin; morbid obesity; obese; orthopaedics/orthopedics; special populations; venous thromboembolism prophylaxis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Modified PRISMA flow diagram of article screening and selection.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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