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Multicenter Study
. 2022 Jan;41(1):20-29.
doi: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1833790. Epub 2020 Nov 30.

Vitamin D, Calcium, Magnesium, and Potassium Consumption and Markers of Glucose Metabolism in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Cristina Palacios  1 , Cynthia M Pérez  2 , Lorena González-Sepúlveda  3 , Leonor Corsino  4 , Sandra S Albrecht  5   6 , Anna Maria Siega-Riz  7 , Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu  8 , Sarah Casagrande  9 , Daniela Sotres-Alvarez  10 , M Larissa Avilés-Santa  11
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Vitamin D, Calcium, Magnesium, and Potassium Consumption and Markers of Glucose Metabolism in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Cristina Palacios et al. J Am Nutr Assoc. 2022 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: This was a cross-sectional study associating vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, and potassium intakes with markers of glucose metabolism in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Methods: HCHS/SOL is a multicenter, prospective, population-based cohort study on Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-74 years in the US. For this analysis, we included 10,609 participants who were free of diabetes. Analysis of covariance was used to assess associations of a range of micronutrient intake on the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and 2-hour post-oral glucose tolerance test (2h-plasma glucose) separately for normoglycemic and with pre-diabetes, after controlling for important confounders. All analyses accounted for the complex sample design and sampling weights.

Results: HOMA-IR levels were significantly lower among adults with intakes in the highest quartile for vitamin D, magnesium, and potassium compared to the respective lowest quartiles, for those with normoglycemia and pre-diabetes, even after adjusting for confounders, such as diet quality (p < 0.05). For those with pre-diabetes, HOMA-IR levels were also significantly lower for those in the highest quartile of calcium intake. However, 2h-plasma glucose was significantly higher in those with intakes higher than quartile 1 for vitamin D and calcium among those with normoglycemia and significantly higher in quartile 3 of potassium intake for those with pre-diabetes, p < 0.05. No significant associations were found for HbA1c in either group.

Conclusions: Higher consumption of vitamin D, magnesium, and potassium are associated with optimal levels of HOMA-IR among participants with normoglycemia and pre-diabetes.

Keywords: 2-hour glucose levels; HOMA-IR; HbA1c; Hispanics/Latinos; Vitamin D; calcium; magnesium; potassium.

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Conflict of interest statement

None of the authors had any financial or other conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Flow of participants
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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