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. 2020 Nov 26;11(12):830.
doi: 10.3390/insects11120830.

Triatoma rosai sp. nov. (Hemiptera, Triatominae): A New Species of Argentinian Chagas Disease Vector Described Based on Integrative Taxonomy

Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi  1   2 , Jader de Oliveira  1 , Ariane Cristina Caris Garcia  2 , Daniel Cesaretto Cristal  1 , Luiza Maria Grzyb Delgado  2 , Isadora de Freitas Bittinelli  2 , Yago Visinho Dos Reis  2 , Amanda Ravazi  2 , Ana Beatriz Bortolozo de Oliveira  3 , Cleber Galvão  4 , Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo-Oliveira  3 , Fernanda Fernandez Madeira  3
Affiliations

Triatoma rosai sp. nov. (Hemiptera, Triatominae): A New Species of Argentinian Chagas Disease Vector Described Based on Integrative Taxonomy

Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi et al. Insects. .

Abstract

Chagas disease is the most prevalent neglected tropical disease in the Americas and makes an important contribution to morbidity and mortality rates in countries where it is endemic since 30 to 40% of patients develop cardiac diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, or both. In this paper, a new species of the genus Triatoma is described based on specimens collected in the Department San Miguel, Province of Corrientes, Argentina. Triatoma rosai sp. nov. is closely related to T. sordida (Stål, 1859), and was characterized based on integrative taxonomy using morphological, morphometric, molecular data, and experimental crosses. These analyses, combined with data from the literature (cytogenetics, electrophoresis pattern, molecular analyses, cuticular hydrocarbons pattern, geometric morphometry, cycle, and average time of life as well as geographic distribution) confirm the specific status of T. rosai sp. nov. Natural Trypanosoma cruzi infection, coupled with its presence mostly in peridomestic habitats, indicates that this species can be considered as an important Chagas disease vector from Argentina.

Keywords: Chagas disease; experimental crosses; molecular; morphology; morphometry; triatomines.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Triatoma rosai sp. nov. male (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, Triatoma sordida male (C) dorsal view, (D) ventral view.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Triatoma rosai sp. nov. female (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, T. sordida female (C) dorsal view, (D) ventral view.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Detail of Head: (A) T. rosai sp. nov. dorsal view, (B) T. sordida dorsal view; detail of Pronotum: (C) T. rosai sp. nov. dorsal view, (D) T. sordida dorsal view.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Detail of Head by SEM: (A) T. rosai sp. nov. by dorsal view, (B) T. sordida by dorsal view; Detail of Pronotum by SEM: (C) T. rosai sp. nov. dorsal view (D) T. sordida dorsal view; Detail of scutellum by SEM: (E) T. rosai sp. nov. dorsal view (F) T. sordida dorsal view. ac: anteclypeus; ge: gena; ju: jugum; oc: ocellus; aa: anterolateral angle; co: collar; hu: humeral angles.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Female external genitalia by SEM: T. rosai sp. nov. (A) dorsal view, (C) posterior view, (E) ventral view, T. sordida: (B) dorsal view, (D) posterior view, (F) ventral view. Gc 8: gonocoxite; Gc 9: gonapophyse; Gp 8: gonapophyse, VII, VIII, IX: tergites; X: segment.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Detail of genital capsule T. rosai sp. nov.: (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, T. sordida: (C) dorsal view, (D) ventral view. cg: genital capsule, pa: paramere.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Paramere of T. rosai sp. nov.: (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view; (C) median process of the pygophore; Paramere of T. sordida: (D) dorsal view, (E) ventral view; (F) median process of the pygophore.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Phallus of T. rosai sp. nov.: (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, T. sordida: (C) dorsal view, (D) ventral view. bpa: basal plate arm, aa: articulatory apparatus, es: endosomal struts.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Phallus of T. rosai sp. nov.: (A) dorsal view, (B) lateral view, (C) ventral view; T. sordida: (D) dorsal view, (E) Lateral view, (F) ventral view. en: endosoma, dps: dorsal phallothecal sclerite, es: endosoma struts.
Figure 10
Figure 10
The occurrence of T. rosai sp. nov. in Argentina provinces. Made with QGIS.
Figure 11
Figure 11
The tree obtained by Bayesian Inference for the concatenated genes COI, cyt b, 28S, 16S and ITS-1. The numbers in the nodes represent the bootstrap values.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Holotype of T. sordida described by Stål in 1859 (as Conorhinus sordidus) and deposited in the Zoologisches Museum, Berlim, Alemanha, A—Dorsal view; B—Lateral view.
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