Treatment toxicity reduction: breast cancer

Abstract

Since curative treatment of advanced breast cancer is still beyond our reach, the importance of reducing overall toxicity of systemic treatment must be stressed. This seems to be possible by adapting the form and intensity of therapy to the prognosis and stage of disease and by using drugs exhibiting high antitumoral efficacy combined with low systemic toxicity. In 475 patients with metastatic breast cancer, we initiated a prognosis-oriented therapeutic strategy. We developed a prognostic score so as to classify patients into 'high' and 'low' risk groups. In this way we were able to separate patients into two groups with statistically different survival times. In addition, we found that the impact of the first polychemotherapy on survival is different when comparing patient with favourable and unfavourable prognostic scores. Patients with favourable prognostic factors had exactly the same survival time independent of tumour progression, stable disease or even partial remission. Only patients achieving a complete remission survived longer. In contrast, patients with unfavourable prognostic factors apparently benefited from chemotherapy. Patients achieving stable disease or objective tumour remission had a significantly longer survival time than those patients with immediate tumour progression. Additionally, for most of the patients in this group, chemotherapy induced a transient stabilization or improvement of tumour induced symptoms. Therefore, we conclude that chemotherapy of advanced breast cancer is necessary. However, to reduce overall toxicity, it must be planned and administered according to the prognostic picture of the individual patient.