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. 2020 Dec 1;13(23):5484.
doi: 10.3390/ma13235484.

Effect of Nitrided and Nitrocarburised Austenite on Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance of 316LVM Steel Implants

Anita Kajzer  1 , Magdalena Ceglarska  2 , Nika Sura  2 , Wojciech Kajzer  1 , Tomasz Borowski  3 , Michał Tarnowski  3 , Zbigniew Pilecki  4
Affiliations

Effect of Nitrided and Nitrocarburised Austenite on Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance of 316LVM Steel Implants

Anita Kajzer et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

Harmful lesions occur in the body around multielement stabilisers made of AISI 316 LVM (Low Vacuum Melted) steel, caused by products of pitting, fretting or crevice corrosion. Preventing the effect is possible by modifying the surface of the steel implants. Therefore, the goal of the paper is the comparison of the mechanical and physiochemical properties of plates for treating deformations of the anterior chest wall made of AISI 316 LVM steel, subjected to diffusion and sterilisation processes and exposed to Ringer's solution. The surface of the implants was subjected to electrochemical polishing, chemical passivation and, in order to modify their properties, nitrocarburised and nitrided diffusion layers were created on selected stabilisers under glow discharge conditions with the use of an active screen at a temperature of 420 °C, over 60 min. The conducted studies involved the examination of the microstructure of the formed layers, surface roughness testing, analysis of contact angles and surface free energy, examination of resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion and examination of nanohardness. On the basis of the results of the conducted studies, it was established that the most advantageous set of properties after sterilisation and exposure to Ringer's solution was displayed by implants with a formed diffusion nitrocarburised layer.

Keywords: 316 LVM steel; crevice corrosion; diffusion layers; implant; nanohardness; pitting corrosion; wettability.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) From the author’s collection: chest X-ray in an anteroposterior and lateral projection, (b) diagram of friction couples (bar-blocking screws, bar-plate, plate-blocking screws).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Example set of stabiliser elements after surface processing: (a) plate, (b) crossbar and screws, (c) plate bent to the chest curve.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Microstructures of the nitride (a) and nitrocarburised (b) layer on 316LVM (Low Vacuum Melted) steel.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Results of surface roughness measurement.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Examples of measurement of contact angle for all groups: (a) passivated; (b) nitrided, (c) nitrocarburized.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The surface energy calculated on the basis of the contact angle measurements: Owens-Wendt method (OW).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Representative logarithmic curves: (a) group 1, (b) group 2, (c) group 3, with example of corrosion pits, magnification 18.9×.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Representative logarithmic curves: (a) group 1, (b) group 2, (c) group 3, with example of corrosion pits, magnification 18.9×.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Representative potentiostatic curve: (a) group 1, (b) group 2, (c) group 3, (d) example of corrosion pits, magnification 18.9×.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Nanohardness as a function of penetration depth.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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