Neonatal outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome after frozen-thawed embryo transfer

Abstract

Objective: To compare the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes after frozen embryo transfer (FET) among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with those among women without PCOS.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary-care academic medical center.

Patient(s): In this study, we included 1,167 singletons born to mothers with PCOS and 9,995 singletons born to mothers without PCOS after FET during the period from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2019.

Intervention(s): None.

Main outcomes measure(s): Adverse neonatal outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight, high birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age.

Result(s): The odds of preterm birth were significantly higher among infants from mothers with PCOS compared with those from mothers without PCOS. The odds of low birth weight and SGA were lower in mothers with PCOS compared with mothers without PCOS in the overall analysis, but the differences in low birth weight and SGA between mothers with and without PCOS did not exist in the subgroup analysis with a normal BMI population.

Conclusion(s): The diagnosis of PCOS was independently associated with increased odds of preterm birth among women with singleton pregnancies by FET. In addition, decreased odds of low birth weight and SGA were observed among patients with PCOS, but the increased odds were not observed in the subset analysis of patients with PCOS with normal BMI.

Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome; body mass index; frozen embryo transfer; large for gestational age; preterm birth.