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. 2021 Jan:67:102481.
doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102481. Epub 2020 Dec 1.

Failure is not an option: Barriers to HIV treatment adherence in Kampala, Uganda

Gabrielle Bruser  1 , Ritah Katasi  2 , Lily Ziyue Zhang  3 , Miriam Namasinga  4 , Eric Arts  5 , Cissy Kityo  6 , Isaac Luginaah  7
Affiliations

Failure is not an option: Barriers to HIV treatment adherence in Kampala, Uganda

Gabrielle Bruser et al. Health Place. 2021 Jan.

Abstract

This study seeks to investigate challenges to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) treatment adherence and treatment outcomes in Kampala, Uganda. Data was collected from a survey administered to two cohorts of patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) receiving care and cART from the Joint Clinical Research Center (JCRC) in Kampala. Cohort I consisted of 93 individuals successfully treated on cART for a period of three years, while Cohort II consisted of 56 individuals who have experienced treatment failure with first-line cART within two years. We hypothesize that distance to the treatment facility would be a predictor of poor adherence and thus treatment failure. However, results suggested otherwise, whereby participants living more than 2 h away from their treatment facility were actually less likely to miss their daily dose of cART (OR = 0.33, p < .05), compared to those living in proximity to the treatment center. Further, high-income employment (OR = 3.82, p < .05) and partnered relationship status (OR = 4.28, p < .05) were predicted to increase the probability of missing doses. These findings may be explained by the deep-seated stigma which has remained pervasive in the lives of HIV-positive population in Kampala, even 30 years after the peak of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Keywords: Adherence; Antiretroviral therapy; HIV/AIDS; Stigma; Uganda.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations of interest: Dr. Kityo is the executive director of the JCRC. Miriam Namasinga and Ritah Katasi are also employed by the clinic.

Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:
Map of Kampala, Uganda and the location of the JCRC
Figure 2:
Figure 2:
Probability of missing doses for individuals with and without a partner and with and without employment
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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