Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2020 Dec 2;13(23):5488.
doi: 10.3390/ma13235488.

Titanium Corrosion in Peri-Implantitis

Mailis D Soler  1 , Shu-Min Hsu  1 , Chaker Fares  2 , Fan Ren  2 , Renita J Jenkins  3 , Luiz Gonzaga  4 , Arthur E Clark  1 , Edgar O'Neill  1 , Dan Neal  5 , Josephine F Esquivel-Upshaw  1
Affiliations

Titanium Corrosion in Peri-Implantitis

Mailis D Soler et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

Titanium (Ti) corrodes clinically in the presence of bacteria. We investigated this phenomenon as a function of Ti particles found in biopsied tissues around peri-implantitis sites and surface roughness of failed Ti implants. Tissue biopsies were surgically collected from peri-implantitis sites, processed, and embedded in resin. The resin-embedded samples were hand trimmed to the region of interest and semi-thick (500 nm) sections were collected onto coverslips. One section was toluidine blue post-stained as a reference. The remainder sections were left unstained for energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Processed samples were examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDX. Corresponding failed implants were also removed and examined under SEM and EDX. Five out of eight biopsied samples demonstrated the presence of Ti particles in the soft tissue, suggesting the true rate among all failures was between 24.5% and 91.5% (the lower bound of a 95% confidence interval for the true rate of Ti presence). SEM analysis of failed implant bodies also indicated changes in surface morphology and appeared less detailed with decreased weight percent of Ti on the surface of the failed implants. In conclusion, Ti particles were noted in 5/8 biopsied samples. Surface morphologies were smoother in failed implants compared with the reference implant.

Keywords: biopsy; peri-implantitis; titanium particles.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) Radiographic image of Astra EV implant; (B) biopsy gross sample with possible metal particles identified (yellow arrows); (C) possible metal particle identified (red arrows) in resin-embedded biopsy sample under optical microscope.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) SEM image and (B) elemental mapping of EDX image of biopsy: titanium (Ti) (green), calcium (Ca) (red), magnesium (Mg) (blue), and silicon (Si) (yellow).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison of the implant surfaces of the (A) reference implant versus failed implant samples (B) JC0480, (C) JS0626, (D) WP2173, (E) SS0924, and (F) WL4053 at the middle part of the implants.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Lindhe J., Meyle J., Group D of European Workshop on Periodontology Peri-implant diseases: Consensus Report of the Sixth European Workshop on Periodontology. J. Clin. Periodontol. 2008;35:282–285. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01283.x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Lang N.P., Berglundh T., Working Group 4 of Seventh European Workshop on Periodontology Periimplant diseases: Where are we now?—Consensus of the Seventh European Workshop on Periodontology. J. Clin. Periodontol. 2011;38:178–181. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01674.x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Derks J., Tomasi C. Peri-implant health and disease. A systematic review of current epidemiology. J. Clin. Periodontol. 2015;42:S158–S171. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12334. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Derks J., Schaller D., Håkansson J., Wennström J.L., Tomasi C., Berglundh T. Effectiveness of Implant Therapy Analyzed in a Swedish Population: Prevalence of Peri-implantitis. J. Dent. Res. 2016;95:43–49. doi: 10.1177/0022034515608832. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Kumar P.S., Mason M.R., Brooker M.R., O’Brien K. Pyrosequencing reveals unique microbial signatures associated with healthy and failing dental implants. J. Clin. Periodontol. 2012;39:425–433. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01856.x. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources