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Review
. 2021 Jun;172(2):1321-1335.
doi: 10.1111/ppl.13297. Epub 2020 Dec 18.

Osmoregulation and its actions during the drought stress in plants

Munir Ozturk  1 , Bengu Turkyilmaz Unal  2 , Pedro García-Caparrós  3 , Anum Khursheed  4 , Alvina Gul  5 , Mirza Hasanuzzaman  6
Affiliations
Review

Osmoregulation and its actions during the drought stress in plants

Munir Ozturk et al. Physiol Plant. 2021 Jun.

Abstract

Drought stress, which causes a decline in quality and quantity of crop yields, has become more accentuated these days due to climatic change. Serious measures need to be taken to increase the tolerance of crop plants to acute drought conditions likely to occur due to global warming. Drought stress causes many physiological and biochemical changes in plants, rendering the maintenance of osmotic adjustment highly crucial. The degree of plant resistance to drought varies with plant species and cultivars, phenological stages of the plant, and the duration of plant exposure to the stress. Osmoregulation in plants under low water potential relies on synthesis and accumulation of osmoprotectants or osmolytes such as soluble proteins, sugars, and sugar alcohols, quaternary ammonium compounds, and amino acids, like proline. This review highlights the role of osmolytes in water-stressed plants and of enzymes entailed in their metabolism. It will be useful, especially for researchers working on the development of drought-resistant crops by using the metabolic-engineering techniques.

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References

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