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. 2020 Oct;13(10):2234-2242.
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2234-2242. Epub 2020 Oct 28.

Seroprevalence of Brucella abortus in cattle in Southern Lebanon using different diagnostic tests

Hussein Hassan  1 , Ali Salami  2 , Ghassan Ghssein  2 , Jeanne El-Hage  3 , Nada Nehme  4 , Rana Awada  2   4
Affiliations

Seroprevalence of Brucella abortus in cattle in Southern Lebanon using different diagnostic tests

Hussein Hassan et al. Vet World. 2020 Oct.

Abstract

Background and aim: Brucellosis is endemic zoonotic and highly contagious bacterial disease. Recently, several brucellosis cases were reported in Lebanon, causing significant economic losses; however, no study was done so far on farms located in the southern part of the country. Thus, the aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of Brucella abortus in South Lebanon using three different serological tests in the diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle.

Materials and methods: Seventeen farms from 14 locations in Southern Lebanon were selected. Two hundred and three bovine blood samples of different ages, and 121 milk samples collected from older than 2 years cattle were tested using different serological tests: Rose Bengal test (RBT), milk ring test (MRT), indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA), and confirmed with competitive ELISA (C-ELISA).

Results: Results revealed that approximately 15.3% (confidence interval [CI] 95 10.3-20.2%) and 15.7% (CI 95 9.2-22.2%) of samples were positive using RBT and MRT, respectively. This percentage was significantly higher when using I-ELISA (18.3%) (CI 95 12.9-23.5%) and C-ELISA (18.7%) (CI 95 9.8-27.5%). Among used diagnostic tests, our results showed that ELISA was more accurate for the detection of brucellosis, especially since it detects the late stages of the infection, which is characterized by the presence of immunoglobulin G. The seroprevalence of brucellosis was higher among females. All positive tests were of cattle Holstein breed older than 2 years. Tyre and Jezzine cities had a higher significance in bovine brucellosis than Saida. A positive correlation between human and cattle brucellosis was found.

Conclusion: Our results showed that bovine brucellosis is prevalent in southern Lebanon. Lack of research, in addition to little feedback of occurring illness or symptoms, creates a gap in helping to control the spread of the disease.

Keywords: Brucella abortus; Brucellosis; Southern Lebanon; diagnostic tests; prevalence.

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Figures

Figure-1
Figure-1
A map presenting the various regions chosen for the study.
Figure-2
Figure-2
Percentage of positive and negative samples for each region using milk ring test.
Figure-3
Figure-3
Percentage of positive and negative samples for each region using Rose Bengal test.
Figure-4
Figure-4
Percentage of positive and negative samples for each region using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Figure-5
Figure-5
Percentage of total positive cases using three tests (Milk ring test, Rose Bengal, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).
Figure-6
Figure-6
Human Brucellosis cases in Lebanon throughout the years.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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