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. 2020 Nov 11;22(11):1276.
doi: 10.3390/e22111276.

A Digital Image Confidentiality Scheme Based on Pseudo-Quantum Chaos and Lucas Sequence

Khushbu Khalid Butt  1 , Guohui Li  2 , Fawad Masood  3   4 , Sajid Khan  1
Affiliations

A Digital Image Confidentiality Scheme Based on Pseudo-Quantum Chaos and Lucas Sequence

Khushbu Khalid Butt et al. Entropy (Basel). .

Abstract

Several secure image encryption systems have been researched and formed by chaotic mechanisms in current decades. This work recommends an innovative quantum color image encryption method focused on the Lucas series-based substitution box to enhance the competence of encryption. The suggested encryption technique has more excellent key space and significant confidentiality. The chaotic system, along with the substitution box, exhibits additional complicated dynamical behavior, sufficient arbitrariness, and uncertainty than all others focused on just chaotic models. Theoretical and simulation assessments show that the offered image encryption performs admirably, its traditional equivalents in terms by efficiency in terms of statistical analysis.

Keywords: Lucas series; image encryption; quantum logistic map; statistical analysis; substitution box.

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Conflict of interest statement

All the authors of this research work declare that the work presented in its original form and contain no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Adjacent to x-direction at (a) r=3.65; (b) r=3.74; (c) r=3.90.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Quantum chaotic map output plot along (a) x and t; (b) y and t; (c) z and t.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The Fibonacci spiral [39].
Figure 4
Figure 4
The Lucas spiral [40].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Design of offered encryption technique.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Experimental results of proposed algorithm on Peppers image. (a) Plain colored image; (b) Plain red channel; (c) Plain green channel; (d) Plain blue channel; (e) Encrypted colored image; (f) Encrypted red channel; (g) Encrypted green channel; (h) Encrypted blue channel.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Peppers image histogram (a–c) Original layers; (d–f) Encrypted layers.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Correlation diagram in horizontal direction for Peppers image (a–c) Original channels; (d–f) Encrypted channels.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Correlation diagram in diagonal direction for Peppers image (a–c) Original channels; (d–f) Encrypted channels.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Correlation diagram in vertical direction for Peppers image (a–c) Original channels; (d–f) Encrypted channels.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Correlation diagram in vertical direction for Peppers image (a–c) Original channels; (d–f) Encrypted channels.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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