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. 2020 Dec 4;25(23):5725.
doi: 10.3390/molecules25235725.

The Systemic Inflammation Index on Admission Predicts In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19 Patients

Alessandro G Fois  1   2 , Panagiotis Paliogiannis  1 , Valentina Scano  1 , Stefania Cau  1 , Sergio Babudieri  1 , Roberto Perra  3 , Giulia Ruzzittu  4 , Elisabetta Zinellu  2 , Pietro Pirina  1   2 , Ciriaco Carru  5 , Luigi B Arru  6 , Alessandro Fancellu  1 , Michele Mondoni  7 , Arduino A Mangoni  8 , Angelo Zinellu  5
Affiliations

The Systemic Inflammation Index on Admission Predicts In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19 Patients

Alessandro G Fois et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Background: The rapid onset of a systemic pro-inflammatory state followed by acute respiratory distress syndrome is the leading cause of mortality in patients with COVID-19. We performed a retrospective observational study to explore the capacity of different complete blood cell count (CBC)-derived inflammation indexes to predict in-hospital mortality in this group.

Methods: The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume to platelet ratio (MPR), neutrophil to lymphocyte × platelet ratio (NLPR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), systemic inflammation index (SII), and the aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) were calculated on hospital admission in 119 patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19.

Results: Non-survivors had significantly higher AISI, dNLR, NLPR, NLR, SII, and SIRI values when compared to survivors. Similarly, Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed significantly lower survival in patients with higher AISI, dNLR, MLR, NLPR, NLR, SII, and SIRI. However, after adjusting for confounders, only the SII remained significantly associated with survival (HR = 1.0001; 95% CI, 1.0000-1.0001, p = 0.029) in multivariate Cox regression analysis.

Conclusions: The SII on admission independently predicts in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients and may assist with early risk stratification in this group.

Keywords: CBC; COVID-19; SII; coronavirus; inflammation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Kaplan–Meier survival curves during hospitalization of COVID-19 patients with different cut-off values of the systemic inflammation indexes investigated. (A): AISI; (B): dNLR; (C): MLR; (D): MPR; (E): NLPR; (F): NLR; (G): PLR; (H): SII; (I): SIRI.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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