Competing interests: AS—consultant: Novartis India, Allergan Global, Intas India, Bayer India. NP: none. NK: none. FB—consultant: Allergan, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fidia Sooft, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, NTC Pharma, Sifi, ThromboGenics, Zeiss. BDK—clinical research: Alcon, Alimera, Allegro, Allergan, Apellis, Clearside, Genentech, GSK, Ionis, jCyte, Novartis, Regeneron, ThromboGenics; consultant: Alimera, Allegro, Allergan, Cell Care, Dose, Eyedaptic, Galimedix, Genentech, Glaukos, Interface Biologics, jCyte, Novartis, Ophthotech, Regeneron, Revana, Theravance Biopharma. Dr Kuppermann acknowledges an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness to the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at the University of California, Irvine. AL—consultant: Allergan, Novartis, Roche, Notal Vision, FiorSightsLabs, Beyeonics, Bayer Healthcare. CR—consultant: Allergan, Chengdu Kanghong, Genentech/Roche, Novartis, Kodiak, Notal, Merck, Shire-Takeda, Adverum, Graybug, Eyepoint; research support: Allergan, Chengdu Kanghong, Genentech/Roche, Novartis, Kodiak, Iveric, Adverum. UC has received grants from the National Institute for Health Research and Novartis; personal fees from Allergan, Bayer, Novartis, and Roche; and is a data safety and monitoring board member for Bayer.